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<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr"><p>This tutorial describes how to test operating systems for binary compatibility using the <a href="http://ispras.linuxbase.org/index.php/ABI_compliance_checker" title="ABI Compliance Checker">ABI Compliance Checker</a> tool. The tool is able to find all <b>C/C++</b> libraries and appropriate header files in system directories, create dump of system <b>ABI (API + compiler ABI)</b> including ABIs of all found libraries and then compare dumps created on different operating systems to produce the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://upstream-tracker.org/compatibility/Maemo_4.1.2_to_Maemo_5.0/arm/abi_compat_report.html">HTML report</a> containing detailed comparison results.
</p>
<table id="toc" class="toc"><tr><td><div id="toctitle"><h2>Contents</h2></div>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Setting_Up_Environment"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Setting Up Environment</span></a>
<ul>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-2"><a href="#Apt-based_OS_.28Ubuntu.2C_Debian.2C_Maemo.29"><span class="tocnumber">1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Apt-based OS (Ubuntu, Debian, Maemo)</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Zypper-based_OS_.28Fedora.2C_openSUSE.2C_MeeGo.29"><span class="tocnumber">1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Zypper-based OS (Fedora, openSUSE, MeeGo)</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Urpmi-based_OS_.28Mandriva.2C_ROSA.2C_Mageia.29"><span class="tocnumber">1.3</span> <span class="toctext">Urpmi-based OS (Mandriva, ROSA, Mageia)</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Apk-based_OS_.28Alpine_Linux.29"><span class="tocnumber">1.4</span> <span class="toctext">Apk-based OS (Alpine Linux)</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Other_Systems_.28Symbian.2C_Windows.29"><span class="tocnumber">1.5</span> <span class="toctext">Other Systems (Symbian, Windows)</span></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Dumping_System_ABI"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Dumping System ABI</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Compare_ABI_Dumps"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Compare ABI Dumps</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Examples"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span></a></li>
</ul>
</td></tr></table>
<h2> <span class="mw-headline" id="Setting_Up_Environment"> Setting Up Environment </span></h2>
<p>The first step is to setup development environment on target operating systems:
</p>
<ul><li> Install G++, Perl, Binutils, Ctags and File utility
</li><li> Install all "devel" packages or SDK.
</li></ul>
<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Apt-based_OS_.28Ubuntu.2C_Debian.2C_Maemo.29"> Apt-based OS (Ubuntu, Debian, Maemo) </span></h3>
<p>  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> apt-get update </code><br /><br />
</p><p>  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> apt-cache search "\-dev"|awk '{print $1;}'>install.txt </code><br /><br />
</p><p>  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> for i in `cat install.txt`;do sudo apt-get --force-yes -y install $i;done </code><br /><br />
</p><p>  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> sudo apt-get install gcc perl binutils file ctags </code><br /><br />
</p>
<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Zypper-based_OS_.28Fedora.2C_openSUSE.2C_MeeGo.29"> Zypper-based OS (Fedora, openSUSE, MeeGo) </span></h3>
<p>  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> zypper search -u dev|awk '{print $2;}'|grep "dev">install.txt </code><br /><br />
</p><p>  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> for i in `cat install.txt`;do sudo zypper -n install $i;done </code><br /><br />
</p><p>  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> sudo zypper install gcc-c++ perl binutils file ctags </code><br /><br />
</p>
<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Urpmi-based_OS_.28Mandriva.2C_ROSA.2C_Mageia.29"> Urpmi-based OS (Mandriva, ROSA, Mageia) </span></h3>
<p>  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> urpmq|grep "\-devel">install.txt </code><br /><br />
</p><p>  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> for i in `cat install.txt`;do sudo urpmi --auto --force $i;done </code><br /><br />
</p><p>  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> sudo urpmi install gcc-c++ perl binutils file ctags </code><br /><br />
</p>
<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Apk-based_OS_.28Alpine_Linux.29"> Apk-based OS (Alpine Linux) </span></h3>
<p>  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> apk update </code><br /><br />
</p><p>  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> apk search|grep "\-dev\-"|sed s/-dev-.*$/-dev/>install.txt </code><br /><br />
</p><p>  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> for i in `cat install.txt`;do sudo apk add $i;done </code><br /><br />
</p><p>  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> sudo apk add perl </code><br /><br />
</p>
<h3> <span class="mw-headline" id="Other_Systems_.28Symbian.2C_Windows.29"> Other Systems (Symbian, Windows) </span></h3>
<p>Download and install the SDK.
</p>
<h2> <span class="mw-headline" id="Dumping_System_ABI"> Dumping System ABI </span></h2>
<p>The next step is to create an <a href="Descriptor.html" title="Operating System Descriptor">XML-descriptor</a> of target OS.
</p><p>Then enter to the target operating system and dump the system ABI using the following command:<br />
  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> abi-compliance-checker -dump-system <i><<a href="Descriptor.html" title="Operating System Descriptor">descriptor.xml</a>></i> </code><br /><br />
</p><p>If you want to analyze libraries from /usr/include and /usr/lib, then you may use the following short command instead:<br />
  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> abi-compliance-checker -dump-system <i><name></i> -sysroot / </code><br /><br />
</p><p>The system ABI dump will be generated to:<br />
  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> sys_dumps/<i><name></i>/<arch>/ </code><br /><br />
</p><p>Repeat this step for other operating system or other version of the same system if you want to check backward compatibility.
</p>
<h2> <span class="mw-headline" id="Compare_ABI_Dumps"> Compare ABI Dumps </span></h2>
<p>The last step is to compare ABI dumps of two operating systems:<br />
  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> abi-compliance-checker -cmp-systems -d1 sys_dumps/<i><name1></i>/<i><arch></i> -d2 sys_dumps/<i><name2></i>/<i><arch></i> </code><br /><br />
</p><p>The compatibility report will be generated to:<br />
  <code style="border: dashed 1px gray; background-color: #f0f0f0;"> sys_compat_reports/<i><name1></i>_to_<i><name2></i>/<arch>/<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://upstream-tracker.org/compatibility/Maemo_4.1.2_to_Maemo_5.0/arm/abi_compat_report.html">abi_compat_report.html</a> </code><br /><br />
</p>
<h2> <span class="mw-headline" id="Examples"> Examples </span></h2>
<p>See examples for <b>Maemo</b>, <b>MeeGo</b> and <b>Symbian</b> operating systems on <a href="Examples.html" title="Operating Systems Compatibility Examples">this page</a>.
<br /><br />
</p>
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