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+The following changes (change numbers refer to perforce) were
+made from version 3.1.1 to 3.1.2
+
+Runtime
+-------
+
+Change 5641 on 2009/02/20 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Release version 3.1.2 of the ANTLR C runtime.
+
+ Updated documents and release notes will have to follow later.
+
+Change 5639 on 2009/02/20 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Fixed: ANTLR-356
+
+ Ensure that code generation for C++ does not require casts
+
+Change 5577 on 2009/02/12 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ C Runtime - Bug fixes.
+
+ o Having moved to use an extract directly from a vector for returning
+ tokens, it exposed a
+ bug whereby the EOF boudary calculation in tokLT was incorrectly
+ checking > rather than >=.
+ o Changing to API initialization of tokens rather than memcmp()
+ incorrectly forgot to set teh input stream pointer for the
+ manufactured tokens in the token factory;
+ o Rewrite streams for rewriting tree parsers did not check whether the
+ rewrite stream was ever assigned before trying to free it, it is now
+ in line with the ordinary parser code.
+
+Change 5576 on 2009/02/11 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ C Runtime: Ensure that when we manufacture a new token for a missing
+ token, that the user suplied custom information (if any) is copied
+ from the current token.
+
+Change 5575 on 2009/02/08 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ C Runtime - Vastly improve the reuse of allocated memory for nodes in
+ tree rewriting.
+
+ A problem for all targets at the moment si that the rewrite logic
+ generated by ANTLR makes no attempt
+ to reuse any resources, it merely gurantees that the tree shape at the
+ end is correct. To some extent this is mitigated by the garbage
+ collection systems of Java and .Net, even thoguh it is still an overhead to
+ keep creating so many modes.
+
+ This change implements the first of two C runtime changes that make
+ best efforst to track when a node has become orphaned and will never
+ be reused, based on inherent knowledge of the rewrite logic (which in
+ the long term is not a great soloution).
+
+ Much of the rewrite logic consists of creating a niilnode into which
+ child nodes are appended. At: rulePost processing time; when a rewrite
+ stream is closed; and when becomeRoot is called, there are many situations
+ where the root of the tree that will be manipulted, or is finished with
+ (in the case of rewrtie streams), where the nilNode was just a temporary
+ creation for the sake of the rewrite itself.
+
+ In these cases we can see that the nilNode would just be left ot rot in
+ the node factory that tracks all the tree nodes.
+ Rather than leave these in the factory to rot, we now keep a resuse
+ stck and always reuse any node on this
+ stack before claimin a new node from the factory pool.
+
+ This single change alone reduces memory usage in the test case (20,604
+ line C program and a GNU C parser)
+ from nearly a GB, to 276MB. This is still way more memory than we
+ shoudl need to do this operation, even on such a large input file,
+ but the reduction results in a huge performance increase and greatly
+ reduced system time spent on allocations.
+
+ After this optimizatoin, comparison with gcc yeilds:
+
+ time gcc -S a.c
+ a.c:1026: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘vsprintf’
+ a.c:1030: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘vsnprintf’
+ a.c:1041: warning: conflicting types for built-in function ‘vsscanf’
+ 0.21user 0.01system 0:00.22elapsed 97%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 0maxresident)k
+ 0inputs+240outputs (0major+8345minor)pagefaults 0swaps
+
+ and
+
+ time ./jimi
+ Reading a.c
+ 0.28user 0.11system 0:00.39elapsed 98%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 0maxresident)k
+ 0inputs+0outputs (0major+66609minor)pagefaults 0swaps
+
+ And we can now interpolate the fact that the only major differnce is
+ now the huge disparity in memory allocations. A
+ future optimization of vector pooling, to sepate node resue from vector
+ reuse, currently looks promising for further reuse of memory.
+
+ Finally, a static analysis of the rewrte code, plus a realtime analysis
+ of the heap at runtime, may well give us a reasonable memory usage
+ pattern. In reality though, it is the generated rewrite logic
+ that must becom optional at not continuously rewriting things that it
+ need not, as it ascends the rule chain.
+
+Change 5563 on 2009/01/28 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Allow rewrite streams to use the base adaptors vector factory and not
+ try to malloc new vectors themselves.
+
+Change 5562 on 2009/01/28 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Don't use CALLOC to allocate tree pools, use malloc as there is no need
+ for calloc.
+
+Change 5561 on 2009/01/28 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Prevent warnigsn about retval.stop not being initialized when a rule
+ returns eraly because it is in backtracking mode
+
+Change 5558 on 2009/01/28 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Lots of optimizations (though the next one to be checked in is the huge
+ win) for AST building and vector factories.
+
+ A large part of tree rewriting was the creation of vectors to hold AST
+ nodes. Although I had created a vector factory, for some reason I never got
+ around to creating a proper one, that pre-allocated the vectors in chunks and
+ so on. I guess I just forgot to. Hence a big win here is prevention of calling
+ malloc lots and lots of times to create vectors.
+
+ A second inprovement was to change teh vector definition such that it
+ holds a certain number of elements wihtin the vector structure itself, rather
+ than malloc and freeing these. Currently this is set to 8, but may increase.
+ For AST construction, this is generally a big win because AST nodes don't often
+ have many individual children unless there has not been any shaping going on in
+ the parser. But if you are not shaping, then you don't really need a tree.
+
+ Other perforamnce inprovements here include not calling functions
+ indirectly within token stream and common token stream. Hence tokens are
+ claimed directly from the vectors. Users can override these funcitons of course
+ and all this means is that if you override tokenstreams then you pretty much
+ have to provide all the mehtods, but then I think you woudl have to anyway (and
+ I don't know of anyone that has wanted to do this as you can carry your own
+ structure around with the tokens anyway and that is much easier).
+
+Change 5555 on 2009/01/26 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Fixed: ANTLR-288
+ Correct the interpretation of the skip token such that channel, start
+ index, char pos in lie, start line and text are correctly reset to the start of
+ the new token when the one that we just traversed was marked as being skipped.
+
+ This correctly excludes the text that was matched as part of the
+ SKIP()ed token from the next token in the token stream and so has the side
+ effect that asking for $text of a rule no longer includes the text that shuodl
+ be skipped, but DOES include the text of tokens that were merely placed off the
+ default channel.
+
+Change 5551 on 2009/01/25 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Fixed: ANTLR-287
+ Most of the source files did not include the BSD license. THis might
+ not be that big a deal given that I don't care what people do with it
+ other than take my name off it, but having the license reproduced
+ everywhere
+ at least makes things perfectly clear. Hence this mass change of
+ sources and templates
+ to include the license.
+
+Change 5550 on 2009/01/25 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Fixed: ANTLR-365
+ Ensure that as soon as we known about an input stream on the lexer that
+ we borrow its string factroy adn use it in our EOF token in case
+ anyone tries to make it a string, such as in error messages for
+ instance.
+
+Change 5548 on 2009/01/25 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Fixed: ANTLR-363
+ At some point the Java runtime default changed from discarding offchannel
+ tokens to preserving them. The fix is to make the C runtime also
+ default to preserving off-channel tokens.
+
+Change 5544 on 2009/01/24 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Fixed: ANTLR-360
+ Ensure that the fillBuffer funtiion does not call any methods
+ that require the cached buffer size to be recorded before we
+ have actually recorded it.
+
+Change 5543 on 2009/01/24 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Fixed: ANTLR-362
+ Some users have started using string factories themselves and
+ exposed a flaw in the destroy method, that is intended to remove
+ a strng htat was created by the factory and is no longer needed.
+ The string was correctly removed from the vector that tracks them
+ but after the first one, all the remaining strings are then numbered
+ incorrectly. Hence the destroy method has been recoded to reindex
+ the strings in the factory after one is removed and everythig is once
+ more hunky dory.
+ User suggested fix rejected.
+
+Change 5542 on 2009/01/24 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Fixed ANTLR-366
+ The recognizer state now ensures that all fields are set to NULL upon
+creation
+ and the reset does not overwrite the tokenname array
+
+Change 5527 on 2009/01/15 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Add the C runtime for 3.1.2 beta2 to perforce
+
+Change 5526 on 2009/01/15 by jimi@jimi.jimivista.antlr3
+
+ Correctly define the MEMMOVE macro which was inadvertently left to be
+ memcpy.
+
+Change 5503 on 2008/12/12 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Change C runtime release number to 3.1.2 beta
+
+Change 5473 on 2008/12/01 by jimi@jimi.jimivista.antlr3
+
+ Fixed: ANTLR-350 - C runtime use of memcpy
+ Prior change to use memcpy instead of memmove in all cases missed the
+ fact that the string factory can be in a situation where overlaps occur. We now
+ have ANTLR3_MEMCPY and ANTLR3_MEMMOVE and use the two appropriately.
+
+Change 5471 on 2008/12/01 by jimi@jimi.jimivista.antlr3
+
+ Fixed ANTLR-361
+ - Ensure that ANTLR3_BOOLEAN is typedef'ed correctly when building for
+ MingW
+
+Templates
+---------
+
+Change 5637 on 2009/02/20 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ C rtunime - make sure that ADAPTOR results are cast to the tree type on
+ a rewrite
+
+Change 5620 on 2009/02/18 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Rename/Move:
+ From: //depot/code/antlr/main/src/org/antlr/codegen/templates/...
+ To: //depot/code/antlr/main/src/main/resources/org/antlr/codegen/templates/...
+
+ Relocate the code generating templates to exist in the directory set
+ that maven expects.
+
+ When checking in your templates, you may find it easiest to make a copy
+ of what you have, revert the change in perforce, then just check out the
+ template in the new location, and copy the changes back over. Nobody has oore
+ than two files open at the moment.
+
+Change 5578 on 2009/02/12 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Correct the string template escape sequences for generating scope
+ code in the C templates.
+
+Change 5577 on 2009/02/12 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ C Runtime - Bug fixes.
+
+ o Having moved to use an extract directly from a vector for returning
+ tokens, it exposed a
+ bug whereby the EOF boudary calculation in tokLT was incorrectly
+ checking > rather than
+ >=.
+ o Changing to API initialization of tokens rather than memcmp()
+ incorrectly forgot to
+ set teh input stream pointer for the manufactured tokens in the
+ token factory;
+ o Rewrite streams for rewriting tree parsers did not check whether the
+ rewrite stream
+ was ever assigned before trying to free it, it is now in line with
+ the ordinary parser code.
+
+Change 5567 on 2009/01/29 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ C Runtime - Further Optimizations
+
+ Within grammars that used scopes and were intended to parse large
+ inputs with many rule nests,
+ the creation anf deletion of the scopes themselves became significant.
+ Careful analysis shows that
+ for most grammars, while a parse could create and delete 20,000 scopes,
+ the maxium depth of
+ any scope was only 8.
+
+ This change therefore changes the scope implementation so that it does
+ not free scope memory when
+ it is popped but just tracks it in a C runtime stack, eventually
+ freeing it when the stack is freed. This change
+ caused the allocation of only 12 scope structures instead of 20,000 for
+ the extreme example case.
+
+ This change means that scope users must be carefule (as ever in C) to
+ initializae their scope elements
+ correctly as:
+
+ 1) If not you may inherit values from a prior use of the scope
+ structure;
+ 2) SCope structure are now allocated with malloc and not calloc;
+
+ Also, when using a custom free function to clean a scope when it is
+ popped, it is probably a good idea
+ to set any free'd pointers to NULL (this is generally good C programmig
+ practice in any case)
+
+Change 5566 on 2009/01/29 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Remove redundant BACKTRACK checking so that MSVC9 does not get confused
+ about possibly uninitialized variables
+
+Change 5565 on 2009/01/28 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Use malloc rather than calloc to allocate memory for new scopes. Note
+ that this means users will have to be careful to initialize any values in their
+ scopes that they expect to be 0 or NULL and I must document this.
+
+Change 5564 on 2009/01/28 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Use malloc rather than calloc for copying list lable tokens for
+ rewrites.
+
+Change 5561 on 2009/01/28 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Prevent warnigsn about retval.stop not being initialized when a rule
+ returns eraly because it is in backtracking mode
+
+Change 5560 on 2009/01/28 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Add a NULL check before freeing rewrite streams used in AST rewrites
+ rather than auto-rewrites.
+
+ While the NULL check is redundant as the free cannot be called unless
+ it is assigned, Visual Studio C 2008
+ gets it wrong and thinks that there is a PATH than can arrive at the
+ free wihtout it being assigned and that is too annoying to ignore.
+
+Change 5559 on 2009/01/28 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ C target Tree rewrite optimization
+
+ There is only one optimization in this change, but it is a huge one.
+
+ The code generation templates were set up so that at the start of a rule,
+ any rewrite streams mentioned in the rule wer pre-created. However, this
+ is a massive overhead for rules where only one or two of the streams are
+ actually used, as we create them then free them without ever using them.
+ This was copied from the Java templates basically.
+ This caused literally millions of extra calls and vector allocations
+ in the case of the GNU C parser given to me for testing with a 20,000
+ line program.
+
+ After this change, the following comparison is avaiable against the gcc
+ compiler:
+
+ Before (different machines here so use the relative difference for
+ comparison):
+
+ gcc:
+
+ real 0m0.425s
+ user 0m0.384s
+ sys 0m0.036s
+
+ ANTLR C
+ real 0m1.958s
+ user 0m1.284s
+ sys 0m0.656s
+
+ After the previous optimizations for vector pooling via a factory,
+ plus this huge win in removing redundant code, we have the following
+ (different machine to the one above):
+
+ gcc:
+ 0.21user 0.01system 0:00.23elapsed 99%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 0maxresident)k
+ 0inputs+328outputs (0major+9922minor)pagefaults 0swaps
+
+ ANTLR C:
+
+ 0.37user 0.26system 0:00.64elapsed 99%CPU (0avgtext+0avgdata 0maxresident)k
+ 0inputs+0outputs (0major+130944minor)pagefaults 0swaps
+
+ The extra system time coming from the fact that although the tree
+ rewriting is now optimal in terms of not allocating things it does
+ not need, there is still a lot more overhead in a parser that is generated
+ for generic use, including much more use of structures for tokens and extra
+ copying and so on. I will
+ continue to work on improviing things where I can, but the next big
+ improvement will come from Ter's optimization of the actual code structures we
+ generate including not doing things with rewrite streams that we do not need to
+ do at all.
+
+ The second machine I used is about twice as fast CPU wise as the system
+ that was used originally by the user that asked about this performance.
+
+Change 5558 on 2009/01/28 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Lots of optimizations (though the next one to be checked in is the huge
+ win) for AST building and vector factories.
+
+ A large part of tree rewriting was the creation of vectors to hold AST
+ nodes. Although I had created a vector factory, for some reason I never got
+ around to creating a proper one, that pre-allocated the vectors in chunks and
+ so on. I guess I just forgot to. Hence a big win here is prevention of calling
+ malloc lots and lots of times to create vectors.
+
+ A second inprovement was to change teh vector definition such that it
+ holds a certain number of elements wihtin the vector structure itself, rather
+ than malloc and freeing these. Currently this is set to 8, but may increase.
+ For AST construction, this is generally a big win because AST nodes don't often
+ have many individual children unless there has not been any shaping going on in
+ the parser. But if you are not shaping, then you don't really need a tree.
+
+ Other perforamnce inprovements here include not calling functions
+ indirectly within token stream and common token stream. Hence tokens are
+ claimed directly from the vectors. Users can override these funcitons of course
+ and all this means is that if you override tokenstreams then you pretty much
+ have to provide all the mehtods, but then I think you woudl have to anyway (and
+ I don't know of anyone that has wanted to do this as you can carry your own
+ structure around with the tokens anyway and that is much easier).
+
+Change 5554 on 2009/01/26 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Fixed: ANTLR-379
+ For some reason in the past, the ruleMemozation() template had required
+ that the name parameter be set to the rule name. This does not seem to be a
+ requirement any more. The name=xxx override when invoking the template was
+ causing all the scope names derived when cleaning up in memoization to be
+ called after the rule name, which was not correct. Howver, this only affected
+ the output when in output=AST mode.
+
+ This template invocation is now corrected.
+
+Change 5553 on 2009/01/26 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Fixed: ANTLR-330
+ Managed to get the one rule that could not see the ASTLabelType to call
+ back in to the super template C.stg and ask it to construct hte name. I am not
+ 100% sure that this fixes all cases, but I cannot find any that fail. PLease
+ let me know if you find any exampoles of being unable to default the
+ ASTLabelType option in the C target.
+
+Change 5552 on 2009/01/25 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Progress: ANTLR-327
+ Fix debug code generation templates when output=AST such that code
+ can at least be generated and I can debug the output code correctly.
+ Note that this checkin does not implement the debugging requirements
+ for tree generating parsers.
+
+Change 5551 on 2009/01/25 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Fixed: ANTLR-287
+ Most of the source files did not include the BSD license. THis might
+ not be that big a deal given that I don't care what people do with it
+ other than take my name off it, but having the license reproduced
+ everywhere at least makes things perfectly clear. Hence this mass change of
+ sources and templates to include the license.
+
+Change 5549 on 2009/01/25 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Fixed: ANTLR-354
+ Using 0.0D as the default initialize value for a double caused
+ VS 2003 C compiler to bomb out. There seesm to be no reason other
+ than force of habit to set this to 0.0D so I have dropped the D so
+ that older compilers do not complain.
+
+Change 5547 on 2009/01/25 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Fixed: ANTLR-282
+ All references are now unadorned with any type of NULL check for the
+ following reasons:
+
+ 1) A NULL reference means that there is a problem with the
+ grammar and we need the program to fail immediately so
+ that the programmer can work out where the problem occured;
+ 2) Most of the time, the only sensible value that can be
+ returned is NULL or 0 which
+ obviates the NULL check in the first place;
+ 3) If we replace a NULL reference with some value such as 0,
+ then the program may blithely continue but just do something
+ logically wrong, which will be very difficult for the
+ grammar programmer to detect and correct.
+
+Change 5545 on 2009/01/24 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Fixed: ANTLR-357
+ The bug report was correct in that the types of references to things
+ like $start were being incorrectly cast as they wer not changed from
+ Java style casts (and the casts are unneccessary). this is now fixed
+ and references are referencing the correct, uncast, types.
+ However, the bug report was wrong in that the reference in the bok to
+ $start.pos will only work for Java and really, it is incorrect in the
+ book because it shoudl not access the .pos member directly but shudl
+ be using $start.getCharPositionInLine().
+ Because there is no access qualification in C, one could use
+ $start.charPosition, however
+ really this should be $start->getCharPositionInLine($start);
+
+Change 5541 on 2009/01/24 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Fixed - ANTLR-367
+ The code generation for the free method of a recognizer was not
+ distinguishing tree parsers from parsers when it came to calling delegate free
+ functions.
+ This is now corrected.
+
+Change 5540 on 2009/01/24 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Fixed ANTLR-355
+ Ensure that we do not attempt to free any memory that we did not
+ actually allocate because the parser rule was being executed in
+ backtracking mode.
+
+Change 5539 on 2009/01/24 by jimi@jimi.jimivista.antlr3
+
+ Fixed: ANTLR-355
+ When a C targetted parser is producing in backtracking mode, then the
+ creation of new stream rewrite structures shoudl not happen if the rule is
+ currently backtracking
+
+Change 5502 on 2008/12/11 by jimi@jimi.jimi.antlr3
+
+ Fixed: ANTLR-349 Ensure that all marker labels in the lexer are 64 bit
+ compatible
+
+Change 5473 on 2008/12/01 by jimi@jimi.jimivista.antlr3
+
+ Fixed: ANTLR-350 - C runtime use of memcpy
+ Prior change to use memcpy instead of memmove in all cases missed the
+ fact that the string factory can be in a situation where overlaps occur. We now
+ have ANTLR3_MEMCPY and ANTLR3_MEMMOVE and use the two appropriately.
+
+Change 5387 on 2008/11/05 by parrt@parrt.spork
+
+ Fixed x+=. issue with tree grammars; added unit test
+
+Change 5325 on 2008/10/23 by parrt@parrt.spork
+
+ We were all ref'ing backtracking==0 hardcoded instead checking the
+ @synpredgate action.
+
+