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+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.lang3.time;
+
+import java.util.Calendar;
+import java.util.Date;
+import java.util.Locale;
+import java.util.TimeZone;
+
+/**
+ * Date and time formatting utilities and constants.
+ *
+ * <p>Formatting is performed using the thread-safe
+ * {@link org.apache.commons.lang3.time.FastDateFormat} class.</p>
+ *
+ * <p>Note that the JDK has a bug wherein calling Calendar.get(int) will
+ * override any previously called Calendar.clear() calls. See LANG-755.</p>
+ *
+ * <p>Note that when using capital YYYY instead of lowercase yyyy, the formatter
+ * will assume current year as week year is not supported. See {@link java.util.GregorianCalendar}
+ * Week Year section for an explanation on the difference between calendar and week years.</p>
+ *
+ * @since 2.0
+ */
+public class DateFormatUtils {
+
+ /**
+ * The UTC time zone (often referred to as GMT).
+ * This is private as it is mutable.
+ */
+ private static final TimeZone UTC_TIME_ZONE = FastTimeZone.getGmtTimeZone();
+
+ /**
+ * ISO 8601 formatter for date-time without time zone.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * The format used is {@code yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss}. This format uses the
+ * default TimeZone in effect at the time of loading DateFormatUtils class.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @since 3.5
+ */
+ public static final FastDateFormat ISO_8601_EXTENDED_DATETIME_FORMAT
+ = FastDateFormat.getInstance("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss");
+
+ /**
+ * @deprecated - as of 4.0, ISO_DATETIME_FORMAT will be replaced by ISO_8601_EXTENDED_DATETIME_FORMAT.
+ */
+ @Deprecated
+ public static final FastDateFormat ISO_DATETIME_FORMAT = ISO_8601_EXTENDED_DATETIME_FORMAT;
+
+ /**
+ * ISO 8601 formatter for date-time with time zone.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * The format used is {@code yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ssZZ}. This format uses the
+ * default TimeZone in effect at the time of loading DateFormatUtils class.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @since 3.5
+ */
+ public static final FastDateFormat ISO_8601_EXTENDED_DATETIME_TIME_ZONE_FORMAT
+ = FastDateFormat.getInstance("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ssZZ");
+
+ /**
+ * @deprecated - as of 4.0, ISO_DATETIME_TIME_ZONE_FORMAT will be replaced by ISO_8601_EXTENDED_DATETIME_TIME_ZONE_FORMAT.
+ */
+ @Deprecated
+ public static final FastDateFormat ISO_DATETIME_TIME_ZONE_FORMAT = ISO_8601_EXTENDED_DATETIME_TIME_ZONE_FORMAT;
+
+ /**
+ * ISO 8601 formatter for date without time zone.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * The format used is {@code yyyy-MM-dd}. This format uses the
+ * default TimeZone in effect at the time of loading DateFormatUtils class.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @since 3.5
+ */
+ public static final FastDateFormat ISO_8601_EXTENDED_DATE_FORMAT
+ = FastDateFormat.getInstance("yyyy-MM-dd");
+
+ /**
+ * @deprecated - as of 4.0, ISO_DATE_FORMAT will be replaced by ISO_8601_EXTENDED_DATE_FORMAT.
+ */
+ @Deprecated
+ public static final FastDateFormat ISO_DATE_FORMAT = ISO_8601_EXTENDED_DATE_FORMAT;
+
+ /**
+ * ISO 8601-like formatter for date with time zone.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * The format used is {@code yyyy-MM-ddZZ}. This pattern does not comply
+ * with the formal ISO 8601 specification as the standard does not allow
+ * a time zone without a time. This format uses the default TimeZone in
+ * effect at the time of loading DateFormatUtils class.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @deprecated - as of 4.0, ISO_DATE_TIME_ZONE_FORMAT will be removed.
+ */
+ @Deprecated
+ public static final FastDateFormat ISO_DATE_TIME_ZONE_FORMAT
+ = FastDateFormat.getInstance("yyyy-MM-ddZZ");
+
+ /**
+ * Non-compliant formatter for time without time zone (ISO 8601 does not
+ * prefix 'T' for standalone time value).
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * The format used is {@code 'T'HH:mm:ss}. This format uses the default
+ * TimeZone in effect at the time of loading DateFormatUtils class.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @deprecated - as of 4.0, ISO_TIME_FORMAT will be removed.
+ */
+ @Deprecated
+ public static final FastDateFormat ISO_TIME_FORMAT
+ = FastDateFormat.getInstance("'T'HH:mm:ss");
+
+ /**
+ * Non-compliant formatter for time with time zone (ISO 8601 does not
+ * prefix 'T' for standalone time value).
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * The format used is {@code 'T'HH:mm:ssZZ}. This format uses the default
+ * TimeZone in effect at the time of loading DateFormatUtils class.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @deprecated - as of 4.0, ISO_TIME_TIME_ZONE_FORMAT will be removed.
+ */
+ @Deprecated
+ public static final FastDateFormat ISO_TIME_TIME_ZONE_FORMAT
+ = FastDateFormat.getInstance("'T'HH:mm:ssZZ");
+
+ /**
+ * ISO 8601 formatter for time without time zone.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * The format used is {@code HH:mm:ss}. This format uses the default
+ * TimeZone in effect at the time of loading DateFormatUtils class.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @since 3.5
+ */
+ public static final FastDateFormat ISO_8601_EXTENDED_TIME_FORMAT
+ = FastDateFormat.getInstance("HH:mm:ss");
+
+ /**
+ * @deprecated - as of 4.0, ISO_TIME_NO_T_FORMAT will be replaced by ISO_8601_EXTENDED_TIME_FORMAT.
+ */
+ @Deprecated
+ public static final FastDateFormat ISO_TIME_NO_T_FORMAT = ISO_8601_EXTENDED_TIME_FORMAT;
+
+ /**
+ * ISO 8601 formatter for time with time zone.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * The format used is {@code HH:mm:ssZZ}. This format uses the default
+ * TimeZone in effect at the time of loading DateFormatUtils class.
+ * </p>
+ *
+ * @since 3.5
+ */
+ public static final FastDateFormat ISO_8601_EXTENDED_TIME_TIME_ZONE_FORMAT
+ = FastDateFormat.getInstance("HH:mm:ssZZ");
+
+ /**
+ * @deprecated - as of 4.0, ISO_TIME_NO_T_TIME_ZONE_FORMAT will be replaced by ISO_8601_EXTENDED_TIME_TIME_ZONE_FORMAT.
+ */
+ @Deprecated
+ public static final FastDateFormat ISO_TIME_NO_T_TIME_ZONE_FORMAT = ISO_8601_EXTENDED_TIME_TIME_ZONE_FORMAT;
+
+ /**
+ * SMTP (and probably other) date headers.
+ *
+ * <p>
+ * The format used is {@code EEE, dd MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss Z} in US locale.
+ * This format uses the default TimeZone in effect at the time of loading
+ * DateFormatUtils class.
+ * </p>
+ */
+ public static final FastDateFormat SMTP_DATETIME_FORMAT
+ = FastDateFormat.getInstance("EEE, dd MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss Z", Locale.US);
+
+ /**
+ * DateFormatUtils instances should NOT be constructed in standard programming.
+ *
+ * <p>This constructor is public to permit tools that require a JavaBean instance
+ * to operate.</p>
+ */
+ public DateFormatUtils() {
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a calendar into a specific pattern. The TimeZone from the calendar
+ * will be used for formatting.
+ *
+ * @param calendar the calendar to format, not null
+ * @param pattern the pattern to use to format the calendar, not null
+ * @return the formatted calendar
+ * @see FastDateFormat#format(Calendar)
+ * @since 2.4
+ */
+ public static String format(final Calendar calendar, final String pattern) {
+ return format(calendar, pattern, getTimeZone(calendar), null);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a calendar into a specific pattern in a locale. The TimeZone from the calendar
+ * will be used for formatting.
+ *
+ * @param calendar the calendar to format, not null
+ * @param pattern the pattern to use to format the calendar, not null
+ * @param locale the locale to use, may be {@code null}
+ * @return the formatted calendar
+ * @see FastDateFormat#format(Calendar)
+ * @since 2.4
+ */
+ public static String format(final Calendar calendar, final String pattern, final Locale locale) {
+ return format(calendar, pattern, getTimeZone(calendar), locale);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a calendar into a specific pattern in a time zone.
+ *
+ * @param calendar the calendar to format, not null
+ * @param pattern the pattern to use to format the calendar, not null
+ * @param timeZone the time zone to use, may be {@code null}
+ * @return the formatted calendar
+ * @see FastDateFormat#format(Calendar)
+ * @since 2.4
+ */
+ public static String format(final Calendar calendar, final String pattern, final TimeZone timeZone) {
+ return format(calendar, pattern, timeZone, null);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a calendar into a specific pattern in a time zone and locale.
+ *
+ * @param calendar the calendar to format, not null
+ * @param pattern the pattern to use to format the calendar, not null
+ * @param timeZone the time zone to use, may be {@code null}
+ * @param locale the locale to use, may be {@code null}
+ * @return the formatted calendar
+ * @see FastDateFormat#format(Calendar)
+ * @since 2.4
+ */
+ public static String format(final Calendar calendar, final String pattern, final TimeZone timeZone, final Locale locale) {
+ final FastDateFormat df = FastDateFormat.getInstance(pattern, timeZone, locale);
+ return df.format(calendar);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a date/time into a specific pattern.
+ *
+ * @param date the date to format, not null
+ * @param pattern the pattern to use to format the date, not null
+ * @return the formatted date
+ */
+ public static String format(final Date date, final String pattern) {
+ return format(date, pattern, null, null);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a date/time into a specific pattern in a locale.
+ *
+ * @param date the date to format, not null
+ * @param pattern the pattern to use to format the date, not null
+ * @param locale the locale to use, may be {@code null}
+ * @return the formatted date
+ */
+ public static String format(final Date date, final String pattern, final Locale locale) {
+ return format(date, pattern, null, locale);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a date/time into a specific pattern in a time zone.
+ *
+ * @param date the date to format, not null
+ * @param pattern the pattern to use to format the date, not null
+ * @param timeZone the time zone to use, may be {@code null}
+ * @return the formatted date
+ */
+ public static String format(final Date date, final String pattern, final TimeZone timeZone) {
+ return format(date, pattern, timeZone, null);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a date/time into a specific pattern in a time zone and locale.
+ *
+ * @param date the date to format, not null
+ * @param pattern the pattern to use to format the date, not null, not null
+ * @param timeZone the time zone to use, may be {@code null}
+ * @param locale the locale to use, may be {@code null}
+ * @return the formatted date
+ */
+ public static String format(final Date date, final String pattern, final TimeZone timeZone, final Locale locale) {
+ final FastDateFormat df = FastDateFormat.getInstance(pattern, timeZone, locale);
+ return df.format(date);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a date/time into a specific pattern.
+ *
+ * @param millis the date to format expressed in milliseconds
+ * @param pattern the pattern to use to format the date, not null
+ * @return the formatted date
+ */
+ public static String format(final long millis, final String pattern) {
+ return format(new Date(millis), pattern, null, null);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a date/time into a specific pattern in a locale.
+ *
+ * @param millis the date to format expressed in milliseconds
+ * @param pattern the pattern to use to format the date, not null
+ * @param locale the locale to use, may be {@code null}
+ * @return the formatted date
+ */
+ public static String format(final long millis, final String pattern, final Locale locale) {
+ return format(new Date(millis), pattern, null, locale);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a date/time into a specific pattern in a time zone.
+ *
+ * @param millis the time expressed in milliseconds
+ * @param pattern the pattern to use to format the date, not null
+ * @param timeZone the time zone to use, may be {@code null}
+ * @return the formatted date
+ */
+ public static String format(final long millis, final String pattern, final TimeZone timeZone) {
+ return format(new Date(millis), pattern, timeZone, null);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a date/time into a specific pattern in a time zone and locale.
+ *
+ * @param millis the date to format expressed in milliseconds
+ * @param pattern the pattern to use to format the date, not null
+ * @param timeZone the time zone to use, may be {@code null}
+ * @param locale the locale to use, may be {@code null}
+ * @return the formatted date
+ */
+ public static String format(final long millis, final String pattern, final TimeZone timeZone, final Locale locale) {
+ return format(new Date(millis), pattern, timeZone, locale);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a date/time into a specific pattern using the UTC time zone.
+ *
+ * @param date the date to format, not null
+ * @param pattern the pattern to use to format the date, not null
+ * @return the formatted date
+ */
+ public static String formatUTC(final Date date, final String pattern) {
+ return format(date, pattern, UTC_TIME_ZONE, null);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a date/time into a specific pattern using the UTC time zone.
+ *
+ * @param date the date to format, not null
+ * @param pattern the pattern to use to format the date, not null
+ * @param locale the locale to use, may be {@code null}
+ * @return the formatted date
+ */
+ public static String formatUTC(final Date date, final String pattern, final Locale locale) {
+ return format(date, pattern, UTC_TIME_ZONE, locale);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a date/time into a specific pattern using the UTC time zone.
+ *
+ * @param millis the date to format expressed in milliseconds
+ * @param pattern the pattern to use to format the date, not null
+ * @return the formatted date
+ */
+ public static String formatUTC(final long millis, final String pattern) {
+ return format(new Date(millis), pattern, UTC_TIME_ZONE, null);
+ }
+
+ /**
+ * Formats a date/time into a specific pattern using the UTC time zone.
+ *
+ * @param millis the date to format expressed in milliseconds
+ * @param pattern the pattern to use to format the date, not null
+ * @param locale the locale to use, may be {@code null}
+ * @return the formatted date
+ */
+ public static String formatUTC(final long millis, final String pattern, final Locale locale) {
+ return format(new Date(millis), pattern, UTC_TIME_ZONE, locale);
+ }
+
+ private static TimeZone getTimeZone(final Calendar calendar) {
+ return calendar == null ? null : calendar.getTimeZone();
+ }
+
+}