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+// Ceres Solver - A fast non-linear least squares minimizer
+// Copyright 2010, 2011, 2012 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
+// http://code.google.com/p/ceres-solver/
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+//
+// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+// and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+// * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may be
+// used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+// specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
+// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
+// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
+// ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
+// LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
+// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
+// SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
+// INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
+// CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
+// ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
+// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+// Author: keir@google.com (Keir Mierle)
+//
+// Tests the use of Cere's Jet type with the quaternions found in util/math/. In
+// theory, the unittests for the quaternion class should be type parameterized
+// to make for easier testing of instantiations of the quaternion class, but it
+// is not so, and not obviously worth the work to make the switch at this time.
+
+#include "base/stringprintf.h"
+#include "gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "util/math/mathlimits.h"
+#include "util/math/matrix3x3.h"
+#include "util/math/quaternion.h"
+#include "util/math/vector3.h"
+#include "ceres/test_util.h"
+#include "ceres/jet.h"
+#include "ceres/jet_traits.h"
+
+namespace ceres {
+namespace internal {
+
+// Use a 4-element derivative to simulate the case where each of the
+// quaternion elements are derivative parameters.
+typedef Jet<double, 4> J;
+
+struct JetTraitsTest : public ::testing::Test {
+ protected:
+ JetTraitsTest()
+ : a(J(1.1, 0), J(2.1, 1), J(3.1, 2), J(4.1, 3)),
+ b(J(0.1, 0), J(1.1, 1), J(2.1, 2), J(5.0, 3)),
+ double_a(a[0].a, a[1].a, a[2].a, a[3].a),
+ double_b(b[0].a, b[1].a, b[2].a, b[3].a) {
+ // The quaternions should be valid rotations, so normalize them.
+ a.Normalize();
+ b.Normalize();
+ double_a.Normalize();
+ double_b.Normalize();
+ }
+
+ virtual ~JetTraitsTest() {}
+
+ // A couple of arbitrary normalized quaternions.
+ Quaternion<J> a, b;
+
+ // The equivalent of a, b but in scalar form.
+ Quaternion<double> double_a, double_b;
+};
+
+// Compare scalar multiplication to jet multiplication. Ignores derivatives.
+TEST_F(JetTraitsTest, QuaternionScalarMultiplicationWorks) {
+ Quaternion<J> c = a * b;
+ Quaternion<double> double_c = double_a * double_b;
+
+ for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
+ EXPECT_EQ(double_c[i], c[i].a);
+ }
+}
+
+// Compare scalar slerp to jet slerp. Ignores derivatives.
+TEST_F(JetTraitsTest, QuaternionScalarSlerpWorks) {
+ const J fraction(0.1);
+ Quaternion<J> c = Quaternion<J>::Slerp(a, b, fraction);
+ Quaternion<double> double_c =
+ Quaternion<double>::Slerp(double_a, double_b, fraction.a);
+
+ for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
+ EXPECT_EQ(double_c[i], c[i].a);
+ }
+}
+
+// On a 32-bit optimized build, the mismatch is about 1.4e-14.
+double const kTolerance = 1e-13;
+
+void ExpectJetsClose(const J &x, const J &y) {
+ ExpectClose(x.a, y.a, kTolerance);
+ ExpectClose(x.v[0], y.v[0], kTolerance);
+ ExpectClose(x.v[1], y.v[1], kTolerance);
+ ExpectClose(x.v[2], y.v[2], kTolerance);
+ ExpectClose(x.v[3], y.v[3], kTolerance);
+}
+
+void ExpectQuaternionsClose(const Quaternion<J>& x, const Quaternion<J>& y) {
+ for (int i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
+ ExpectJetsClose(x[i], y[i]);
+ }
+}
+
+// Compare jet slurp to jet slerp using identies, checking derivatives.
+TEST_F(JetTraitsTest, CheckSlerpIdentitiesWithNontrivialDerivatives) {
+ // Do a slerp to 0.75 directly.
+ Quaternion<J> direct = Quaternion<J>::Slerp(a, b, J(0.75));
+
+ // Now go part way twice, in theory ending at the same place.
+ Quaternion<J> intermediate = Quaternion<J>::Slerp(a, b, J(0.5));
+ Quaternion<J> indirect = Quaternion<J>::Slerp(intermediate, b, J(0.5));
+
+ // Check that the destination is the same, including derivatives.
+ ExpectQuaternionsClose(direct, indirect);
+}
+
+TEST_F(JetTraitsTest, CheckAxisAngleIsInvertibleWithNontrivialDerivatives) {
+ Vector3<J> axis;
+ J angle;
+ a.GetAxisAngle(&axis, &angle);
+ b.SetFromAxisAngle(axis, angle);
+
+ ExpectQuaternionsClose(a, b);
+}
+
+TEST_F(JetTraitsTest,
+ CheckRotationMatrixIsInvertibleWithNontrivialDerivatives) {
+ Vector3<J> axis;
+ J angle;
+ Matrix3x3<J> R;
+ a.ToRotationMatrix(&R);
+ b.SetFromRotationMatrix(R);
+
+ ExpectQuaternionsClose(a, b);
+}
+
+// This doesn't check correctnenss, only that the instantiation compiles.
+TEST_F(JetTraitsTest, CheckRotationBetweenIsCompilable) {
+ // Get two arbitrary vectors x and y.
+ Vector3<J> x, y;
+ J ignored_angle;
+ a.GetAxisAngle(&x, &ignored_angle);
+ b.GetAxisAngle(&y, &ignored_angle);
+
+ Quaternion<J> between_x_and_y = Quaternion<J>::RotationBetween(x, y);
+
+ // Prevent optimizing this away.
+ EXPECT_NE(between_x_and_y[0].a, 0.0);
+}
+
+TEST_F(JetTraitsTest, CheckRotatedWorksAsExpected) {
+ // Get two arbitrary vectors x and y.
+ Vector3<J> x;
+ J ignored_angle;
+ a.GetAxisAngle(&x, &ignored_angle);
+
+ // Rotate via a quaternion.
+ Vector3<J> y = b.Rotated(x);
+
+ // Rotate via a rotation matrix.
+ Matrix3x3<J> R;
+ b.ToRotationMatrix(&R);
+ Vector3<J> yp = R * x;
+
+ ExpectJetsClose(yp[0], y[0]);
+ ExpectJetsClose(yp[1], y[1]);
+ ExpectJetsClose(yp[2], y[2]);
+}
+
+TEST_F(JetTraitsTest, CheckRotatedWorksAsExpectedWithDoubles) {
+ // Get two arbitrary vectors x and y.
+ Vector3<double> x;
+ double ignored_angle;
+ double_a.GetAxisAngle(&x, &ignored_angle);
+
+ // Rotate via a quaternion.
+ Vector3<double> y = double_b.Rotated(x);
+
+ // Rotate via a rotation matrix.
+ Matrix3x3<double> R;
+ double_b.ToRotationMatrix(&R);
+ Vector3<double> yp = R * x;
+
+ ExpectClose(yp[0], y[0], kTolerance);
+ ExpectClose(yp[1], y[1], kTolerance);
+ ExpectClose(yp[2], y[2], kTolerance);
+}
+
+} // namespace internal
+} // namespace ceres