Merge pull request #8174 from bluetech/py-to-pathlib-5

More py.path -> pathlib conversions

19 files changed, 336 insertions, 294 deletions

diff --git a/changelog/8174.trivial.rst b/changelog/8174.trivial.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..764976461
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog/8174.trivial.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+The following changes have been made to internal pytest types/functions:
+
+- The ``path`` property of ``_pytest.code.Code`` returns ``Path`` instead of ``py.path.local``.
+- The ``path`` property of ``_pytest.code.TracebackEntry`` returns ``Path`` instead of ``py.path.local``.
+- The ``_pytest.code.getfslineno()`` function returns ``Path`` instead of ``py.path.local``.
+- The ``_pytest.python.path_matches_patterns()`` function takes ``Path`` instead of ``py.path.local``.
diff --git a/src/_pytest/_code/code.py b/src/_pytest/_code/code.py
index 423069330..043a23a79 100644
--- a/src/_pytest/_code/code.py
+++ b/src/_pytest/_code/code.py
@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@ from _pytest._io.saferepr import safeformat
 from _pytest._io.saferepr import saferepr
 from _pytest.compat import final
 from _pytest.compat import get_real_func
+from _pytest.pathlib import absolutepath
+from _pytest.pathlib import bestrelpath
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from typing_extensions import Literal
@@ -78,16 +80,16 @@ class Code:
         return self.raw.co_name
 
     @property
-    def path(self) -> Union[py.path.local, str]:
+    def path(self) -> Union[Path, str]:
         """Return a path object pointing to source code, or an ``str`` in
         case of ``OSError`` / non-existing file."""
         if not self.raw.co_filename:
             return ""
         try:
-            p = py.path.local(self.raw.co_filename)
+            p = absolutepath(self.raw.co_filename)
             # maybe don't try this checking
-            if not p.check():
-                raise OSError("py.path check failed.")
+            if not p.exists():
+                raise OSError("path check failed.")
             return p
         except OSError:
             # XXX maybe try harder like the weird logic
@@ -223,7 +225,7 @@ class TracebackEntry:
         return source.getstatement(self.lineno)
 
     @property
-    def path(self) -> Union[py.path.local, str]:
+    def path(self) -> Union[Path, str]:
         """Path to the source code."""
         return self.frame.code.path
 
@@ -336,10 +338,10 @@ class Traceback(List[TracebackEntry]):
 
     def cut(
         self,
-        path=None,
+        path: Optional[Union[Path, str]] = None,
         lineno: Optional[int] = None,
         firstlineno: Optional[int] = None,
-        excludepath: Optional[py.path.local] = None,
+        excludepath: Optional[Path] = None,
     ) -> "Traceback":
         """Return a Traceback instance wrapping part of this Traceback.
 
@@ -353,17 +355,19 @@ class Traceback(List[TracebackEntry]):
         for x in self:
             code = x.frame.code
             codepath = code.path
+            if path is not None and codepath != path:
+                continue
             if (
-                (path is None or codepath == path)
-                and (
-                    excludepath is None
-                    or not isinstance(codepath, py.path.local)
-                    or not codepath.relto(excludepath)
-                )
-                and (lineno is None or x.lineno == lineno)
-                and (firstlineno is None or x.frame.code.firstlineno == firstlineno)
+                excludepath is not None
+                and isinstance(codepath, Path)
+                and excludepath in codepath.parents
             ):
-                return Traceback(x._rawentry, self._excinfo)
+                continue
+            if lineno is not None and x.lineno != lineno:
+                continue
+            if firstlineno is not None and x.frame.code.firstlineno != firstlineno:
+                continue
+            return Traceback(x._rawentry, self._excinfo)
         return self
 
     @overload
@@ -801,7 +805,8 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
                 message = "in %s" % (entry.name)
             else:
                 message = excinfo and excinfo.typename or ""
-            path = self._makepath(entry.path)
+            entry_path = entry.path
+            path = self._makepath(entry_path)
             reprfileloc = ReprFileLocation(path, entry.lineno + 1, message)
             localsrepr = self.repr_locals(entry.locals)
             return ReprEntry(lines, reprargs, localsrepr, reprfileloc, style)
@@ -814,15 +819,15 @@ class FormattedExcinfo:
                 lines.extend(self.get_exconly(excinfo, indent=4))
             return ReprEntry(lines, None, None, None, style)
 
-    def _makepath(self, path):
-        if not self.abspath:
+    def _makepath(self, path: Union[Path, str]) -> str:
+        if not self.abspath and isinstance(path, Path):
             try:
-                np = py.path.local().bestrelpath(path)
+                np = bestrelpath(Path.cwd(), path)
             except OSError:
-                return path
+                return str(path)
             if len(np) < len(str(path)):
-                path = np
-        return path
+                return np
+        return str(path)
 
     def repr_traceback(self, excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException]) -> "ReprTraceback":
         traceback = excinfo.traceback
@@ -1181,7 +1186,7 @@ class ReprFuncArgs(TerminalRepr):
             tw.line("")
 
 
-def getfslineno(obj: object) -> Tuple[Union[str, py.path.local], int]:
+def getfslineno(obj: object) -> Tuple[Union[str, Path], int]:
     """Return source location (path, lineno) for the given object.
 
     If the source cannot be determined return ("", -1).
@@ -1203,7 +1208,7 @@ def getfslineno(obj: object) -> Tuple[Union[str, py.path.local], int]:
         except TypeError:
             return "", -1
 
-        fspath = fn and py.path.local(fn) or ""
+        fspath = fn and absolutepath(fn) or ""
         lineno = -1
         if fspath:
             try:
diff --git a/src/_pytest/config/__init__.py b/src/_pytest/config/__init__.py
index 0df4ffa01..760b0f55c 100644
--- a/src/_pytest/config/__init__.py
+++ b/src/_pytest/config/__init__.py
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ def filter_traceback_for_conftest_import_failure(
 
 
 def main(
-    args: Optional[Union[List[str], py.path.local]] = None,
+    args: Optional[Union[List[str], "os.PathLike[str]"]] = None,
     plugins: Optional[Sequence[Union[str, _PluggyPlugin]]] = None,
 ) -> Union[int, ExitCode]:
     """Perform an in-process test run.
@@ -295,13 +295,15 @@ def get_plugin_manager() -> "PytestPluginManager":
 
 
 def _prepareconfig(
-    args: Optional[Union[py.path.local, List[str]]] = None,
+    args: Optional[Union[List[str], "os.PathLike[str]"]] = None,
     plugins: Optional[Sequence[Union[str, _PluggyPlugin]]] = None,
 ) -> "Config":
     if args is None:
         args = sys.argv[1:]
-    elif isinstance(args, py.path.local):
-        args = [str(args)]
+    # TODO: Remove type-ignore after next mypy release.
+    # https://github.com/python/typeshed/commit/076983eec45e739c68551cb6119fd7d85fd4afa9
+    elif isinstance(args, os.PathLike):  # type: ignore[misc]
+        args = [os.fspath(args)]
     elif not isinstance(args, list):
         msg = "`args` parameter expected to be a list of strings, got: {!r} (type: {})"
         raise TypeError(msg.format(args, type(args)))
@@ -346,7 +348,7 @@ class PytestPluginManager(PluginManager):
         self._conftestpath2mod: Dict[Path, types.ModuleType] = {}
         self._confcutdir: Optional[Path] = None
         self._noconftest = False
-        self._duplicatepaths: Set[py.path.local] = set()
+        self._duplicatepaths: Set[Path] = set()
 
         # plugins that were explicitly skipped with pytest.skip
         # list of (module name, skip reason)
diff --git a/src/_pytest/doctest.py b/src/_pytest/doctest.py
index d0b6b4c41..24f888257 100644
--- a/src/_pytest/doctest.py
+++ b/src/_pytest/doctest.py
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ from _pytest.config.argparsing import Parser
 from _pytest.fixtures import FixtureRequest
 from _pytest.nodes import Collector
 from _pytest.outcomes import OutcomeException
+from _pytest.pathlib import fnmatch_ex
 from _pytest.pathlib import import_path
 from _pytest.python_api import approx
 from _pytest.warning_types import PytestWarning
@@ -120,32 +121,32 @@ def pytest_unconfigure() -> None:
 
 
 def pytest_collect_file(
-    path: py.path.local, parent: Collector,
+    fspath: Path, path: py.path.local, parent: Collector,
 ) -> Optional[Union["DoctestModule", "DoctestTextfile"]]:
     config = parent.config
-    if path.ext == ".py":
-        if config.option.doctestmodules and not _is_setup_py(path):
+    if fspath.suffix == ".py":
+        if config.option.doctestmodules and not _is_setup_py(fspath):
             mod: DoctestModule = DoctestModule.from_parent(parent, fspath=path)
             return mod
-    elif _is_doctest(config, path, parent):
+    elif _is_doctest(config, fspath, parent):
         txt: DoctestTextfile = DoctestTextfile.from_parent(parent, fspath=path)
         return txt
     return None
 
 
-def _is_setup_py(path: py.path.local) -> bool:
-    if path.basename != "setup.py":
+def _is_setup_py(path: Path) -> bool:
+    if path.name != "setup.py":
         return False
-    contents = path.read_binary()
+    contents = path.read_bytes()
     return b"setuptools" in contents or b"distutils" in contents
 
 
-def _is_doctest(config: Config, path: py.path.local, parent) -> bool:
-    if path.ext in (".txt", ".rst") and parent.session.isinitpath(path):
+def _is_doctest(config: Config, path: Path, parent: Collector) -> bool:
+    if path.suffix in (".txt", ".rst") and parent.session.isinitpath(path):
         return True
     globs = config.getoption("doctestglob") or ["test*.txt"]
     for glob in globs:
-        if path.check(fnmatch=glob):
+        if fnmatch_ex(glob, path):
             return True
     return False
 
diff --git a/src/_pytest/fixtures.py b/src/_pytest/fixtures.py
index dbb039bf2..d3ec1296a 100644
--- a/src/_pytest/fixtures.py
+++ b/src/_pytest/fixtures.py
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import sys
 import warnings
 from collections import defaultdict
 from collections import deque
+from pathlib import Path
 from types import TracebackType
 from typing import Any
 from typing import Callable
@@ -58,6 +59,7 @@ from _pytest.mark.structures import MarkDecorator
 from _pytest.outcomes import fail
 from _pytest.outcomes import TEST_OUTCOME
 from _pytest.pathlib import absolutepath
+from _pytest.pathlib import bestrelpath
 from _pytest.store import StoreKey
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
@@ -718,7 +720,11 @@ class FixtureRequest:
         for fixturedef in self._get_fixturestack():
             factory = fixturedef.func
             fs, lineno = getfslineno(factory)
-            p = self._pyfuncitem.session.fspath.bestrelpath(fs)
+            if isinstance(fs, Path):
+                session: Session = self._pyfuncitem.session
+                p = bestrelpath(Path(session.fspath), fs)
+            else:
+                p = fs
             args = _format_args(factory)
             lines.append("%s:%d:  def %s%s" % (p, lineno + 1, factory.__name__, args))
         return lines
diff --git a/src/_pytest/main.py b/src/_pytest/main.py
index e7c31ecc1..79afdde61 100644
--- a/src/_pytest/main.py
+++ b/src/_pytest/main.py
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ from _pytest.fixtures import FixtureManager
 from _pytest.outcomes import exit
 from _pytest.pathlib import absolutepath
 from _pytest.pathlib import bestrelpath
+from _pytest.pathlib import fnmatch_ex
 from _pytest.pathlib import visit
 from _pytest.reports import CollectReport
 from _pytest.reports import TestReport
@@ -353,11 +354,14 @@ def pytest_runtestloop(session: "Session") -> bool:
     return True
 
 
-def _in_venv(path: py.path.local) -> bool:
+def _in_venv(path: Path) -> bool:
     """Attempt to detect if ``path`` is the root of a Virtual Environment by
     checking for the existence of the appropriate activate script."""
-    bindir = path.join("Scripts" if sys.platform.startswith("win") else "bin")
-    if not bindir.isdir():
+    bindir = path.joinpath("Scripts" if sys.platform.startswith("win") else "bin")
+    try:
+        if not bindir.is_dir():
+            return False
+    except OSError:
         return False
     activates = (
         "activate",
@@ -367,33 +371,32 @@ def _in_venv(path: py.path.local) -> bool:
         "Activate.bat",
         "Activate.ps1",
     )
-    return any([fname.basename in activates for fname in bindir.listdir()])
+    return any(fname.name in activates for fname in bindir.iterdir())
 
 
-def pytest_ignore_collect(path: py.path.local, config: Config) -> Optional[bool]:
-    path_ = Path(path)
-    ignore_paths = config._getconftest_pathlist("collect_ignore", path=path_.parent)
+def pytest_ignore_collect(fspath: Path, config: Config) -> Optional[bool]:
+    ignore_paths = config._getconftest_pathlist("collect_ignore", path=fspath.parent)
     ignore_paths = ignore_paths or []
     excludeopt = config.getoption("ignore")
     if excludeopt:
         ignore_paths.extend(absolutepath(x) for x in excludeopt)
 
-    if path_ in ignore_paths:
+    if fspath in ignore_paths:
         return True
 
     ignore_globs = config._getconftest_pathlist(
-        "collect_ignore_glob", path=path_.parent
+        "collect_ignore_glob", path=fspath.parent
     )
     ignore_globs = ignore_globs or []
     excludeglobopt = config.getoption("ignore_glob")
     if excludeglobopt:
         ignore_globs.extend(absolutepath(x) for x in excludeglobopt)
 
-    if any(fnmatch.fnmatch(str(path), str(glob)) for glob in ignore_globs):
+    if any(fnmatch.fnmatch(str(fspath), str(glob)) for glob in ignore_globs):
         return True
 
     allow_in_venv = config.getoption("collect_in_virtualenv")
-    if not allow_in_venv and _in_venv(path):
+    if not allow_in_venv and _in_venv(fspath):
         return True
     return None
 
@@ -538,21 +541,21 @@ class Session(nodes.FSCollector):
         if ihook.pytest_ignore_collect(fspath=fspath, path=path, config=self.config):
             return False
         norecursepatterns = self.config.getini("norecursedirs")
-        if any(path.check(fnmatch=pat) for pat in norecursepatterns):
+        if any(fnmatch_ex(pat, fspath) for pat in norecursepatterns):
             return False
         return True
 
     def _collectfile(
-        self, path: py.path.local, handle_dupes: bool = True
+        self, fspath: Path, handle_dupes: bool = True
     ) -> Sequence[nodes.Collector]:
-        fspath = Path(path)
+        path = py.path.local(fspath)
         assert (
-            path.isfile()
+            fspath.is_file()
         ), "{!r} is not a file (isdir={!r}, exists={!r}, islink={!r})".format(
-            path, path.isdir(), path.exists(), path.islink()
+            fspath, fspath.is_dir(), fspath.exists(), fspath.is_symlink()
         )
-        ihook = self.gethookproxy(path)
-        if not self.isinitpath(path):
+        ihook = self.gethookproxy(fspath)
+        if not self.isinitpath(fspath):
             if ihook.pytest_ignore_collect(
                 fspath=fspath, path=path, config=self.config
             ):
@@ -562,10 +565,10 @@ class Session(nodes.FSCollector):
             keepduplicates = self.config.getoption("keepduplicates")
             if not keepduplicates:
                 duplicate_paths = self.config.pluginmanager._duplicatepaths
-                if path in duplicate_paths:
+                if fspath in duplicate_paths:
                     return ()
                 else:
-                    duplicate_paths.add(path)
+                    duplicate_paths.add(fspath)
 
         return ihook.pytest_collect_file(fspath=fspath, path=path, parent=self)  # type: ignore[no-any-return]
 
@@ -652,10 +655,8 @@ class Session(nodes.FSCollector):
         from _pytest.python import Package
 
         # Keep track of any collected nodes in here, so we don't duplicate fixtures.
-        node_cache1: Dict[py.path.local, Sequence[nodes.Collector]] = {}
-        node_cache2: Dict[
-            Tuple[Type[nodes.Collector], py.path.local], nodes.Collector
-        ] = ({})
+        node_cache1: Dict[Path, Sequence[nodes.Collector]] = {}
+        node_cache2: Dict[Tuple[Type[nodes.Collector], Path], nodes.Collector] = ({})
 
         # Keep track of any collected collectors in matchnodes paths, so they
         # are not collected more than once.
@@ -679,31 +680,31 @@ class Session(nodes.FSCollector):
                         break
 
                     if parent.is_dir():
-                        pkginit = py.path.local(parent / "__init__.py")
-                        if pkginit.isfile() and pkginit not in node_cache1:
+                        pkginit = parent / "__init__.py"
+                        if pkginit.is_file() and pkginit not in node_cache1:
                             col = self._collectfile(pkginit, handle_dupes=False)
                             if col:
                                 if isinstance(col[0], Package):
                                     pkg_roots[str(parent)] = col[0]
-                                node_cache1[col[0].fspath] = [col[0]]
+                                node_cache1[Path(col[0].fspath)] = [col[0]]
 
             # If it's a directory argument, recurse and look for any Subpackages.
             # Let the Package collector deal with subnodes, don't collect here.
             if argpath.is_dir():
                 assert not names, "invalid arg {!r}".format((argpath, names))
 
-                seen_dirs: Set[py.path.local] = set()
+                seen_dirs: Set[Path] = set()
                 for direntry in visit(str(argpath), self._recurse):
                     if not direntry.is_file():
                         continue
 
-                    path = py.path.local(direntry.path)
-                    dirpath = path.dirpath()
+                    path = Path(direntry.path)
+                    dirpath = path.parent
 
                     if dirpath not in seen_dirs:
                         # Collect packages first.
                         seen_dirs.add(dirpath)
-                        pkginit = dirpath.join("__init__.py")
+                        pkginit = dirpath / "__init__.py"
                         if pkginit.exists():
                             for x in self._collectfile(pkginit):
                                 yield x
@@ -714,23 +715,22 @@ class Session(nodes.FSCollector):
                         continue
 
                     for x in self._collectfile(path):
-                        key = (type(x), x.fspath)
-                        if key in node_cache2:
-                            yield node_cache2[key]
+                        key2 = (type(x), Path(x.fspath))
+                        if key2 in node_cache2:
+                            yield node_cache2[key2]
                         else:
-                            node_cache2[key] = x
+                            node_cache2[key2] = x
                             yield x
             else:
                 assert argpath.is_file()
 
-                argpath_ = py.path.local(argpath)
-                if argpath_ in node_cache1:
-                    col = node_cache1[argpath_]
+                if argpath in node_cache1:
+                    col = node_cache1[argpath]
                 else:
-                    collect_root = pkg_roots.get(argpath_.dirname, self)
-                    col = collect_root._collectfile(argpath_, handle_dupes=False)
+                    collect_root = pkg_roots.get(str(argpath.parent), self)
+                    col = collect_root._collectfile(argpath, handle_dupes=False)
                     if col:
-                        node_cache1[argpath_] = col
+                        node_cache1[argpath] = col
 
                 matching = []
                 work: List[
@@ -846,7 +846,7 @@ def resolve_collection_argument(
 
     This function ensures the path exists, and returns a tuple:
 
-        (py.path.path("/full/path/to/pkg/tests/test_foo.py"), ["TestClass", "test_foo"])
+        (Path("/full/path/to/pkg/tests/test_foo.py"), ["TestClass", "test_foo"])
 
     When as_pypath is True, expects that the command-line argument actually contains
     module paths instead of file-system paths:
diff --git a/src/_pytest/nodes.py b/src/_pytest/nodes.py
index 1b3ec5571..da2a0a7ea 100644
--- a/src/_pytest/nodes.py
+++ b/src/_pytest/nodes.py
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING:
 
 SEP = "/"
 
-tracebackcutdir = py.path.local(_pytest.__file__).dirpath()
+tracebackcutdir = Path(_pytest.__file__).parent
 
 
 def iterparentnodeids(nodeid: str) -> Iterator[str]:
@@ -416,9 +416,7 @@ class Node(metaclass=NodeMeta):
         return self._repr_failure_py(excinfo, style)
 
 
-def get_fslocation_from_item(
-    node: "Node",
-) -> Tuple[Union[str, py.path.local], Optional[int]]:
+def get_fslocation_from_item(node: "Node") -> Tuple[Union[str, Path], Optional[int]]:
     """Try to extract the actual location from a node, depending on available attributes:
 
     * "location": a pair (path, lineno)
@@ -474,7 +472,7 @@ class Collector(Node):
     def _prunetraceback(self, excinfo: ExceptionInfo[BaseException]) -> None:
         if hasattr(self, "fspath"):
             traceback = excinfo.traceback
-            ntraceback = traceback.cut(path=self.fspath)
+            ntraceback = traceback.cut(path=Path(self.fspath))
             if ntraceback == traceback:
                 ntraceback = ntraceback.cut(excludepath=tracebackcutdir)
             excinfo.traceback = ntraceback.filter()
diff --git a/src/_pytest/pathlib.py b/src/_pytest/pathlib.py
index 2e452eb1c..d3908a3fd 100644
--- a/src/_pytest/pathlib.py
+++ b/src/_pytest/pathlib.py
@@ -387,7 +387,7 @@ def resolve_from_str(input: str, rootpath: Path) -> Path:
         return rootpath.joinpath(input)
 
 
-def fnmatch_ex(pattern: str, path) -> bool:
+def fnmatch_ex(pattern: str, path: Union[str, "os.PathLike[str]"]) -> bool:
     """A port of FNMatcher from py.path.common which works with PurePath() instances.
 
     The difference between this algorithm and PurePath.match() is that the
diff --git a/src/_pytest/python.py b/src/_pytest/python.py
index 3ff04455f..b46050920 100644
--- a/src/_pytest/python.py
+++ b/src/_pytest/python.py
@@ -66,6 +66,8 @@ from _pytest.mark.structures import MarkDecorator
 from _pytest.mark.structures import normalize_mark_list
 from _pytest.outcomes import fail
 from _pytest.outcomes import skip
+from _pytest.pathlib import bestrelpath
+from _pytest.pathlib import fnmatch_ex
 from _pytest.pathlib import import_path
 from _pytest.pathlib import ImportPathMismatchError
 from _pytest.pathlib import parts
@@ -190,11 +192,10 @@ def pytest_pyfunc_call(pyfuncitem: "Function") -> Optional[object]:
 def pytest_collect_file(
     fspath: Path, path: py.path.local, parent: nodes.Collector
 ) -> Optional["Module"]:
-    ext = path.ext
-    if ext == ".py":
+    if fspath.suffix == ".py":
         if not parent.session.isinitpath(fspath):
             if not path_matches_patterns(
-                path, parent.config.getini("python_files") + ["__init__.py"]
+                fspath, parent.config.getini("python_files") + ["__init__.py"]
             ):
                 return None
         ihook = parent.session.gethookproxy(fspath)
@@ -205,13 +206,13 @@ def pytest_collect_file(
     return None
 
 
-def path_matches_patterns(path: py.path.local, patterns: Iterable[str]) -> bool:
+def path_matches_patterns(path: Path, patterns: Iterable[str]) -> bool:
     """Return whether path matches any of the patterns in the list of globs given."""
-    return any(path.fnmatch(pattern) for pattern in patterns)
+    return any(fnmatch_ex(pattern, path) for pattern in patterns)
 
 
-def pytest_pycollect_makemodule(path: py.path.local, parent) -> "Module":
-    if path.basename == "__init__.py":
+def pytest_pycollect_makemodule(fspath: Path, path: py.path.local, parent) -> "Module":
+    if fspath.name == "__init__.py":
         pkg: Package = Package.from_parent(parent, fspath=path)
         return pkg
     mod: Module = Module.from_parent(parent, fspath=path)
@@ -340,7 +341,11 @@ class PyobjMixin:
             fspath: Union[py.path.local, str] = file_path
             lineno = compat_co_firstlineno
         else:
-            fspath, lineno = getfslineno(obj)
+            path, lineno = getfslineno(obj)
+            if isinstance(path, Path):
+                fspath = py.path.local(path)
+            else:
+                fspath = path
         modpath = self.getmodpath()
         assert isinstance(lineno, int)
         return fspath, lineno, modpath
@@ -673,21 +678,21 @@ class Package(Module):
         if ihook.pytest_ignore_collect(fspath=fspath, path=path, config=self.config):
             return False
         norecursepatterns = self.config.getini("norecursedirs")
-        if any(path.check(fnmatch=pat) for pat in norecursepatterns):
+        if any(fnmatch_ex(pat, fspath) for pat in norecursepatterns):
             return False
         return True
 
     def _collectfile(
-        self, path: py.path.local, handle_dupes: bool = True
+        self, fspath: Path, handle_dupes: bool = True
     ) -> Sequence[nodes.Collector]:
-        fspath = Path(path)
+        path = py.path.local(fspath)
         assert (
-            path.isfile()
+            fspath.is_file()
         ), "{!r} is not a file (isdir={!r}, exists={!r}, islink={!r})".format(
-            path, path.isdir(), path.exists(), path.islink()
+            path, fspath.is_dir(), fspath.exists(), fspath.is_symlink()
         )
-        ihook = self.session.gethookproxy(path)
-        if not self.session.isinitpath(path):
+        ihook = self.session.gethookproxy(fspath)
+        if not self.session.isinitpath(fspath):
             if ihook.pytest_ignore_collect(
                 fspath=fspath, path=path, config=self.config
             ):
@@ -697,32 +702,32 @@ class Package(Module):
             keepduplicates = self.config.getoption("keepduplicates")
             if not keepduplicates:
                 duplicate_paths = self.config.pluginmanager._duplicatepaths
-                if path in duplicate_paths:
+                if fspath in duplicate_paths:
                     return ()
                 else:
-                    duplicate_paths.add(path)
+                    duplicate_paths.add(fspath)
 
         return ihook.pytest_collect_file(fspath=fspath, path=path, parent=self)  # type: ignore[no-any-return]
 
     def collect(self) -> Iterable[Union[nodes.Item, nodes.Collector]]:
-        this_path = self.fspath.dirpath()
-        init_module = this_path.join("__init__.py")
-        if init_module.check(file=1) and path_matches_patterns(
+        this_path = Path(self.fspath).parent
+        init_module = this_path / "__init__.py"
+        if init_module.is_file() and path_matches_patterns(
             init_module, self.config.getini("python_files")
         ):
-            yield Module.from_parent(self, fspath=init_module)
-        pkg_prefixes: Set[py.path.local] = set()
+            yield Module.from_parent(self, fspath=py.path.local(init_module))
+        pkg_prefixes: Set[Path] = set()
         for direntry in visit(str(this_path), recurse=self._recurse):
-            path = py.path.local(direntry.path)
+            path = Path(direntry.path)
 
             # We will visit our own __init__.py file, in which case we skip it.
             if direntry.is_file():
-                if direntry.name == "__init__.py" and path.dirpath() == this_path:
+                if direntry.name == "__init__.py" and path.parent == this_path:
                     continue
 
             parts_ = parts(direntry.path)
             if any(
-                str(pkg_prefix) in parts_ and pkg_prefix.join("__init__.py") != path
+                str(pkg_prefix) in parts_ and pkg_prefix / "__init__.py" != path
                 for pkg_prefix in pkg_prefixes
             ):
                 continue
@@ -732,7 +737,7 @@ class Package(Module):
             elif not direntry.is_dir():
                 # Broken symlink or invalid/missing file.
                 continue
-            elif path.join("__init__.py").check(file=1):
+            elif path.joinpath("__init__.py").is_file():
                 pkg_prefixes.add(path)
 
 
@@ -1412,13 +1417,13 @@ def _show_fixtures_per_test(config: Config, session: Session) -> None:
     import _pytest.config
 
     session.perform_collect()
-    curdir = py.path.local()
+    curdir = Path.cwd()
     tw = _pytest.config.create_terminal_writer(config)
     verbose = config.getvalue("verbose")
 
-    def get_best_relpath(func):
+    def get_best_relpath(func) -> str:
         loc = getlocation(func, str(curdir))
-        return curdir.bestrelpath(py.path.local(loc))
+        return bestrelpath(curdir, Path(loc))
 
     def write_fixture(fixture_def: fixtures.FixtureDef[object]) -> None:
         argname = fixture_def.argname
@@ -1468,7 +1473,7 @@ def _showfixtures_main(config: Config, session: Session) -> None:
     import _pytest.config
 
     session.perform_collect()
-    curdir = py.path.local()
+    curdir = Path.cwd()
     tw = _pytest.config.create_terminal_writer(config)
     verbose = config.getvalue("verbose")
 
@@ -1490,7 +1495,7 @@ def _showfixtures_main(config: Config, session: Session) -> None:
                 (
                     len(fixturedef.baseid),
                     fixturedef.func.__module__,
-                    curdir.bestrelpath(py.path.local(loc)),
+                    bestrelpath(curdir, Path(loc)),
                     fixturedef.argname,
                     fixturedef,
                 )
diff --git a/src/_pytest/terminal.py b/src/_pytest/terminal.py
index f5d4e1f8d..d3d1a4b66 100644
--- a/src/_pytest/terminal.py
+++ b/src/_pytest/terminal.py
@@ -285,15 +285,13 @@ class WarningReport:
         User friendly message about the warning.
     :ivar str|None nodeid:
         nodeid that generated the warning (see ``get_location``).
-    :ivar tuple|py.path.local fslocation:
+    :ivar tuple fslocation:
         File system location of the source of the warning (see ``get_location``).
     """
 
     message = attr.ib(type=str)
     nodeid = attr.ib(type=Optional[str], default=None)
-    fslocation = attr.ib(
-        type=Optional[Union[Tuple[str, int], py.path.local]], default=None
-    )
+    fslocation = attr.ib(type=Optional[Tuple[str, int]], default=None)
     count_towards_summary = True
 
     def get_location(self, config: Config) -> Optional[str]:
@@ -301,14 +299,9 @@ class WarningReport:
         if self.nodeid:
             return self.nodeid
         if self.fslocation:
-            if isinstance(self.fslocation, tuple) and len(self.fslocation) >= 2:
-                filename, linenum = self.fslocation[:2]
-                relpath = bestrelpath(
-                    config.invocation_params.dir, absolutepath(filename)
-                )
-                return f"{relpath}:{linenum}"
-            else:
-                return str(self.fslocation)
+            filename, linenum = self.fslocation
+            relpath = bestrelpath(config.invocation_params.dir, absolutepath(filename))
+            return f"{relpath}:{linenum}"
         return None
 
 
diff --git a/testing/code/test_excinfo.py b/testing/code/test_excinfo.py
index 44d7ab549..19c888403 100644
--- a/testing/code/test_excinfo.py
+++ b/testing/code/test_excinfo.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import importlib
 import io
 import operator
-import os
 import queue
 import sys
 import textwrap
@@ -12,14 +11,14 @@ from typing import Tuple
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 from typing import Union
 
-import py
-
 import _pytest
 import pytest
 from _pytest._code.code import ExceptionChainRepr
 from _pytest._code.code import ExceptionInfo
 from _pytest._code.code import FormattedExcinfo
 from _pytest._io import TerminalWriter
+from _pytest.monkeypatch import MonkeyPatch
+from _pytest.pathlib import bestrelpath
 from _pytest.pathlib import import_path
 from _pytest.pytester import LineMatcher
 from _pytest.pytester import Pytester
@@ -150,9 +149,10 @@ class TestTraceback_f_g_h:
             "    except somenoname:  # type: ignore[name-defined] # noqa: F821",
         ]
 
-    def test_traceback_cut(self):
+    def test_traceback_cut(self) -> None:
         co = _pytest._code.Code.from_function(f)
         path, firstlineno = co.path, co.firstlineno
+        assert isinstance(path, Path)
         traceback = self.excinfo.traceback
         newtraceback = traceback.cut(path=path, firstlineno=firstlineno)
         assert len(newtraceback) == 1
@@ -163,11 +163,11 @@ class TestTraceback_f_g_h:
         p = pytester.makepyfile("def f(): raise ValueError")
         with pytest.raises(ValueError) as excinfo:
             import_path(p).f()  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
-        basedir = py.path.local(pytest.__file__).dirpath()
+        basedir = Path(pytest.__file__).parent
         newtraceback = excinfo.traceback.cut(excludepath=basedir)
         for x in newtraceback:
-            if hasattr(x, "path"):
-                assert not py.path.local(x.path).relto(basedir)
+            assert isinstance(x.path, Path)
+            assert basedir not in x.path.parents
         assert newtraceback[-1].frame.code.path == p
 
     def test_traceback_filter(self):
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ def test_excinfo_no_python_sourcecode(tmpdir):
     for item in excinfo.traceback:
         print(item)  # XXX: for some reason jinja.Template.render is printed in full
         item.source  # shouldn't fail
-        if isinstance(item.path, py.path.local) and item.path.basename == "test.txt":
+        if isinstance(item.path, Path) and item.path.name == "test.txt":
             assert str(item.source) == "{{ h()}}:"
 
 
@@ -392,16 +392,16 @@ def test_entrysource_Queue_example():
     assert s.startswith("def get")
 
 
-def test_codepath_Queue_example():
+def test_codepath_Queue_example() -> None:
     try:
         queue.Queue().get(timeout=0.001)
     except queue.Empty:
         excinfo = _pytest._code.ExceptionInfo.from_current()
     entry = excinfo.traceback[-1]
     path = entry.path
-    assert isinstance(path, py.path.local)
-    assert path.basename.lower() == "queue.py"
-    assert path.check()
+    assert isinstance(path, Path)
+    assert path.name.lower() == "queue.py"
+    assert path.exists()
 
 
 def test_match_succeeds():
@@ -805,21 +805,21 @@ raise ValueError()
 
         raised = 0
 
-        orig_getcwd = os.getcwd
+        orig_path_cwd = Path.cwd
 
         def raiseos():
             nonlocal raised
             upframe = sys._getframe().f_back
             assert upframe is not None
-            if upframe.f_code.co_name == "checked_call":
+            if upframe.f_code.co_name == "_makepath":
                 # Only raise with expected calls, but not via e.g. inspect for
                 # py38-windows.
                 raised += 1
                 raise OSError(2, "custom_oserror")
-            return orig_getcwd()
+            return orig_path_cwd()
 
-        monkeypatch.setattr(os, "getcwd", raiseos)
-        assert p._makepath(__file__) == __file__
+        monkeypatch.setattr(Path, "cwd", raiseos)
+        assert p._makepath(Path(__file__)) == __file__
         assert raised == 1
         repr_tb = p.repr_traceback(excinfo)
 
@@ -1015,7 +1015,9 @@ raise ValueError()
         assert line.endswith("mod.py")
         assert tw_mock.lines[10] == ":3: ValueError"
 
-    def test_toterminal_long_filenames(self, importasmod, tw_mock):
+    def test_toterminal_long_filenames(
+        self, importasmod, tw_mock, monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch
+    ) -> None:
         mod = importasmod(
             """
             def f():
@@ -1023,25 +1025,22 @@ raise ValueError()
         """
         )
         excinfo = pytest.raises(ValueError, mod.f)
-        path = py.path.local(mod.__file__)
-        old = path.dirpath().chdir()
-        try:
-            repr = excinfo.getrepr(abspath=False)
-            repr.toterminal(tw_mock)
-            x = py.path.local().bestrelpath(path)
-            if len(x) < len(str(path)):
-                msg = tw_mock.get_write_msg(-2)
-                assert msg == "mod.py"
-                assert tw_mock.lines[-1] == ":3: ValueError"
-
-            repr = excinfo.getrepr(abspath=True)
-            repr.toterminal(tw_mock)
+        path = Path(mod.__file__)
+        monkeypatch.chdir(path.parent)
+        repr = excinfo.getrepr(abspath=False)
+        repr.toterminal(tw_mock)
+        x = bestrelpath(Path.cwd(), path)
+        if len(x) < len(str(path)):
             msg = tw_mock.get_write_msg(-2)
-            assert msg == path
-            line = tw_mock.lines[-1]
-            assert line == ":3: ValueError"
-        finally:
-            old.chdir()
+            assert msg == "mod.py"
+            assert tw_mock.lines[-1] == ":3: ValueError"
+
+        repr = excinfo.getrepr(abspath=True)
+        repr.toterminal(tw_mock)
+        msg = tw_mock.get_write_msg(-2)
+        assert msg == str(path)
+        line = tw_mock.lines[-1]
+        assert line == ":3: ValueError"
 
     @pytest.mark.parametrize(
         "reproptions",
diff --git a/testing/code/test_source.py b/testing/code/test_source.py
index 04d0ea932..6b8443fd2 100644
--- a/testing/code/test_source.py
+++ b/testing/code/test_source.py
@@ -6,13 +6,12 @@ import inspect
 import linecache
 import sys
 import textwrap
+from pathlib import Path
 from types import CodeType
 from typing import Any
 from typing import Dict
 from typing import Optional
 
-import py.path
-
 import pytest
 from _pytest._code import Code
 from _pytest._code import Frame
@@ -352,8 +351,8 @@ def test_getfslineno() -> None:
 
     fspath, lineno = getfslineno(f)
 
-    assert isinstance(fspath, py.path.local)
-    assert fspath.basename == "test_source.py"
+    assert isinstance(fspath, Path)
+    assert fspath.name == "test_source.py"
     assert lineno == f.__code__.co_firstlineno - 1  # see findsource
 
     class A:
@@ -362,8 +361,8 @@ def test_getfslineno() -> None:
     fspath, lineno = getfslineno(A)
 
     _, A_lineno = inspect.findsource(A)
-    assert isinstance(fspath, py.path.local)
-    assert fspath.basename == "test_source.py"
+    assert isinstance(fspath, Path)
+    assert fspath.name == "test_source.py"
     assert lineno == A_lineno
 
     assert getfslineno(3) == ("", -1)
diff --git a/testing/test_cacheprovider.py b/testing/test_cacheprovider.py
index ebd455593..2cb657efc 100644
--- a/testing/test_cacheprovider.py
+++ b/testing/test_cacheprovider.py
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import pytest
 from _pytest.config import ExitCode
 from _pytest.monkeypatch import MonkeyPatch
 from _pytest.pytester import Pytester
+from _pytest.tmpdir import TempPathFactory
 
 pytest_plugins = ("pytester",)
 
@@ -139,9 +140,11 @@ class TestNewAPI:
         pytester.runpytest()
         assert pytester.path.joinpath(rel_cache_dir).is_dir()
 
-    def test_custom_abs_cache_dir(self, pytester: Pytester, tmpdir_factory) -> None:
-        tmp = str(tmpdir_factory.mktemp("tmp"))
-        abs_cache_dir = os.path.join(tmp, "custom_cache_dir")
+    def test_custom_abs_cache_dir(
+        self, pytester: Pytester, tmp_path_factory: TempPathFactory
+    ) -> None:
+        tmp = tmp_path_factory.mktemp("tmp")
+        abs_cache_dir = tmp / "custom_cache_dir"
         pytester.makeini(
             """
             [pytest]
@@ -152,7 +155,7 @@ class TestNewAPI:
         )
         pytester.makepyfile(test_errored="def test_error():\n    assert False")
         pytester.runpytest()
-        assert Path(abs_cache_dir).is_dir()
+        assert abs_cache_dir.is_dir()
 
     def test_custom_cache_dir_with_env_var(
         self, pytester: Pytester, monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch
@@ -185,9 +188,9 @@ def test_cache_reportheader(env, pytester: Pytester, monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch) -
 
 
 def test_cache_reportheader_external_abspath(
-    pytester: Pytester, tmpdir_factory
+    pytester: Pytester, tmp_path_factory: TempPathFactory
 ) -> None:
-    external_cache = tmpdir_factory.mktemp(
+    external_cache = tmp_path_factory.mktemp(
         "test_cache_reportheader_external_abspath_abs"
     )
 
diff --git a/testing/test_collection.py b/testing/test_collection.py
index 2d03fda39..3dd9283ec 100644
--- a/testing/test_collection.py
+++ b/testing/test_collection.py
@@ -212,12 +212,12 @@ class TestCollectFS:
         bindir = "Scripts" if sys.platform.startswith("win") else "bin"
         # no bin/activate, not a virtualenv
         base_path = pytester.mkdir("venv")
-        assert _in_venv(py.path.local(base_path)) is False
+        assert _in_venv(base_path) is False
         # with bin/activate, totally a virtualenv
         bin_path = base_path.joinpath(bindir)
         bin_path.mkdir()
         bin_path.joinpath(fname).touch()
-        assert _in_venv(py.path.local(base_path)) is True
+        assert _in_venv(base_path) is True
 
     def test_custom_norecursedirs(self, pytester: Pytester) -> None:
         pytester.makeini(
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ class TestCollectPluginHookRelay:
                     wascalled.append(path)
 
         pytester.makefile(".abc", "xyz")
-        pytest.main(py.path.local(pytester.path), plugins=[Plugin()])
+        pytest.main(pytester.path, plugins=[Plugin()])
         assert len(wascalled) == 1
         assert wascalled[0].ext == ".abc"
 
diff --git a/testing/test_config.py b/testing/test_config.py
index eacc9c9eb..8c1441e06 100644
--- a/testing/test_config.py
+++ b/testing/test_config.py
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ from typing import Type
 from typing import Union
 
 import attr
-import py.path
 
 import _pytest._code
 import pytest
@@ -28,6 +27,7 @@ from _pytest.config.findpaths import determine_setup
 from _pytest.config.findpaths import get_common_ancestor
 from _pytest.config.findpaths import locate_config
 from _pytest.monkeypatch import MonkeyPatch
+from _pytest.pathlib import absolutepath
 from _pytest.pytester import Pytester
 
 
@@ -854,8 +854,8 @@ class TestConfigFromdictargs:
             )
         )
 
-        inifile = "../../foo/bar.ini"
-        option_dict = {"inifilename": inifile, "capture": "no"}
+        inifilename = "../../foo/bar.ini"
+        option_dict = {"inifilename": inifilename, "capture": "no"}
 
         cwd = tmp_path.joinpath("a/b")
         cwd.mkdir(parents=True)
@@ -873,14 +873,14 @@ class TestConfigFromdictargs:
         with MonkeyPatch.context() as mp:
             mp.chdir(cwd)
             config = Config.fromdictargs(option_dict, ())
-            inipath = py.path.local(inifile)
+            inipath = absolutepath(inifilename)
 
         assert config.args == [str(cwd)]
-        assert config.option.inifilename == inifile
+        assert config.option.inifilename == inifilename
         assert config.option.capture == "no"
 
         # this indicates this is the file used for getting configuration values
-        assert config.inifile == inipath
+        assert config.inipath == inipath
         assert config.inicfg.get("name") == "value"
         assert config.inicfg.get("should_not_be_set") is None
 
diff --git a/testing/test_doctest.py b/testing/test_doctest.py
index 6e3880330..08d0aacf6 100644
--- a/testing/test_doctest.py
+++ b/testing/test_doctest.py
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
 import inspect
 import textwrap
+from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Callable
 from typing import Optional
 
-import py
-
 import pytest
 from _pytest.doctest import _get_checker
 from _pytest.doctest import _is_mocked
@@ -1496,25 +1495,25 @@ def test_warning_on_unwrap_of_broken_object(
     assert inspect.unwrap.__module__ == "inspect"
 
 
-def test_is_setup_py_not_named_setup_py(tmp_path):
+def test_is_setup_py_not_named_setup_py(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     not_setup_py = tmp_path.joinpath("not_setup.py")
     not_setup_py.write_text('from setuptools import setup; setup(name="foo")')
-    assert not _is_setup_py(py.path.local(str(not_setup_py)))
+    assert not _is_setup_py(not_setup_py)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("mod", ("setuptools", "distutils.core"))
-def test_is_setup_py_is_a_setup_py(tmpdir, mod):
-    setup_py = tmpdir.join("setup.py")
-    setup_py.write(f'from {mod} import setup; setup(name="foo")')
+def test_is_setup_py_is_a_setup_py(tmp_path: Path, mod: str) -> None:
+    setup_py = tmp_path.joinpath("setup.py")
+    setup_py.write_text(f'from {mod} import setup; setup(name="foo")', "utf-8")
     assert _is_setup_py(setup_py)
 
 
 @pytest.mark.parametrize("mod", ("setuptools", "distutils.core"))
-def test_is_setup_py_different_encoding(tmp_path, mod):
+def test_is_setup_py_different_encoding(tmp_path: Path, mod: str) -> None:
     setup_py = tmp_path.joinpath("setup.py")
     contents = (
         "# -*- coding: cp1252 -*-\n"
         'from {} import setup; setup(name="foo", description="€")\n'.format(mod)
     )
     setup_py.write_bytes(contents.encode("cp1252"))
-    assert _is_setup_py(py.path.local(str(setup_py)))
+    assert _is_setup_py(setup_py)
diff --git a/testing/test_helpconfig.py b/testing/test_helpconfig.py
index c2533ef30..9a433b1b1 100644
--- a/testing/test_helpconfig.py
+++ b/testing/test_helpconfig.py
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ def test_version_less_verbose(pytester: Pytester, pytestconfig, monkeypatch) ->
     monkeypatch.delenv("PYTEST_DISABLE_PLUGIN_AUTOLOAD")
     result = pytester.runpytest("--version")
     assert result.ret == 0
-    # p = py.path.local(py.__file__).dirpath()
     result.stderr.fnmatch_lines([f"pytest {pytest.__version__}"])
 
 
diff --git a/testing/test_nodes.py b/testing/test_nodes.py
index bae31f0a3..59d9f409e 100644
--- a/testing/test_nodes.py
+++ b/testing/test_nodes.py
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+from pathlib import Path
 from typing import cast
 from typing import List
 from typing import Type
@@ -69,23 +70,23 @@ def test_node_warning_enforces_warning_types(pytester: Pytester) -> None:
 
 def test__check_initialpaths_for_relpath() -> None:
     """Ensure that it handles dirs, and does not always use dirname."""
-    cwd = py.path.local()
+    cwd = Path.cwd()
 
     class FakeSession1:
-        _initialpaths = [cwd]
+        _initialpaths = frozenset({cwd})
 
     session = cast(pytest.Session, FakeSession1)
 
-    assert nodes._check_initialpaths_for_relpath(session, cwd) == ""
+    assert nodes._check_initialpaths_for_relpath(session, py.path.local(cwd)) == ""
 
-    sub = cwd.join("file")
+    sub = cwd / "file"
 
     class FakeSession2:
-        _initialpaths = [cwd]
+        _initialpaths = frozenset({cwd})
 
     session = cast(pytest.Session, FakeSession2)
 
-    assert nodes._check_initialpaths_for_relpath(session, sub) == "file"
+    assert nodes._check_initialpaths_for_relpath(session, py.path.local(sub)) == "file"
 
     outside = py.path.local("/outside")
     assert nodes._check_initialpaths_for_relpath(session, outside) is None
diff --git a/testing/test_pathlib.py b/testing/test_pathlib.py
index f60b9f263..48149084e 100644
--- a/testing/test_pathlib.py
+++ b/testing/test_pathlib.py
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 import os.path
+import pickle
 import sys
 import unittest.mock
 from pathlib import Path
 from textwrap import dedent
+from types import ModuleType
+from typing import Generator
 
 import py
 
@@ -20,6 +23,7 @@ from _pytest.pathlib import maybe_delete_a_numbered_dir
 from _pytest.pathlib import resolve_package_path
 from _pytest.pathlib import symlink_or_skip
 from _pytest.pathlib import visit
+from _pytest.tmpdir import TempPathFactory
 
 
 class TestFNMatcherPort:
@@ -96,38 +100,40 @@ class TestImportPath:
     """
 
     @pytest.fixture(scope="session")
-    def path1(self, tmpdir_factory):
-        path = tmpdir_factory.mktemp("path")
+    def path1(self, tmp_path_factory: TempPathFactory) -> Generator[Path, None, None]:
+        path = tmp_path_factory.mktemp("path")
         self.setuptestfs(path)
         yield path
-        assert path.join("samplefile").check()
+        assert path.joinpath("samplefile").exists()
 
-    def setuptestfs(self, path):
+    def setuptestfs(self, path: Path) -> None:
         # print "setting up test fs for", repr(path)
-        samplefile = path.ensure("samplefile")
-        samplefile.write("samplefile\n")
+        samplefile = path / "samplefile"
+        samplefile.write_text("samplefile\n")
 
-        execfile = path.ensure("execfile")
-        execfile.write("x=42")
+        execfile = path / "execfile"
+        execfile.write_text("x=42")
 
-        execfilepy = path.ensure("execfile.py")
-        execfilepy.write("x=42")
+        execfilepy = path / "execfile.py"
+        execfilepy.write_text("x=42")
 
         d = {1: 2, "hello": "world", "answer": 42}
-        path.ensure("samplepickle").dump(d)
-
-        sampledir = path.ensure("sampledir", dir=1)
-        sampledir.ensure("otherfile")
-
-        otherdir = path.ensure("otherdir", dir=1)
-        otherdir.ensure("__init__.py")
-
-        module_a = otherdir.ensure("a.py")
-        module_a.write("from .b import stuff as result\n")
-        module_b = otherdir.ensure("b.py")
-        module_b.write('stuff="got it"\n')
-        module_c = otherdir.ensure("c.py")
-        module_c.write(
+        path.joinpath("samplepickle").write_bytes(pickle.dumps(d, 1))
+
+        sampledir = path / "sampledir"
+        sampledir.mkdir()
+        sampledir.joinpath("otherfile").touch()
+
+        otherdir = path / "otherdir"
+        otherdir.mkdir()
+        otherdir.joinpath("__init__.py").touch()
+
+        module_a = otherdir / "a.py"
+        module_a.write_text("from .b import stuff as result\n")
+        module_b = otherdir / "b.py"
+        module_b.write_text('stuff="got it"\n')
+        module_c = otherdir / "c.py"
+        module_c.write_text(
             dedent(
                 """
             import py;
@@ -136,8 +142,8 @@ class TestImportPath:
         """
             )
         )
-        module_d = otherdir.ensure("d.py")
-        module_d.write(
+        module_d = otherdir / "d.py"
+        module_d.write_text(
             dedent(
                 """
             import py;
@@ -147,122 +153,141 @@ class TestImportPath:
             )
         )
 
-    def test_smoke_test(self, path1):
-        obj = import_path(path1.join("execfile.py"))
+    def test_smoke_test(self, path1: Path) -> None:
+        obj = import_path(path1 / "execfile.py")
         assert obj.x == 42  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
         assert obj.__name__ == "execfile"
 
-    def test_renamed_dir_creates_mismatch(self, tmpdir, monkeypatch):
-        p = tmpdir.ensure("a", "test_x123.py")
+    def test_renamed_dir_creates_mismatch(
+        self, tmp_path: Path, monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch
+    ) -> None:
+        tmp_path.joinpath("a").mkdir()
+        p = tmp_path.joinpath("a", "test_x123.py")
+        p.touch()
         import_path(p)
-        tmpdir.join("a").move(tmpdir.join("b"))
+        tmp_path.joinpath("a").rename(tmp_path.joinpath("b"))
         with pytest.raises(ImportPathMismatchError):
-            import_path(tmpdir.join("b", "test_x123.py"))
+            import_path(tmp_path.joinpath("b", "test_x123.py"))
 
         # Errors can be ignored.
         monkeypatch.setenv("PY_IGNORE_IMPORTMISMATCH", "1")
-        import_path(tmpdir.join("b", "test_x123.py"))
+        import_path(tmp_path.joinpath("b", "test_x123.py"))
 
         # PY_IGNORE_IMPORTMISMATCH=0 does not ignore error.
         monkeypatch.setenv("PY_IGNORE_IMPORTMISMATCH", "0")
         with pytest.raises(ImportPathMismatchError):
-            import_path(tmpdir.join("b", "test_x123.py"))
+            import_path(tmp_path.joinpath("b", "test_x123.py"))
 
-    def test_messy_name(self, tmpdir):
+    def test_messy_name(self, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
         # http://bitbucket.org/hpk42/py-trunk/issue/129
-        path = tmpdir.ensure("foo__init__.py")
+        path = tmp_path / "foo__init__.py"
+        path.touch()
         module = import_path(path)
         assert module.__name__ == "foo__init__"
 
-    def test_dir(self, tmpdir):
-        p = tmpdir.join("hello_123")
-        p_init = p.ensure("__init__.py")
+    def test_dir(self, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+        p = tmp_path / "hello_123"
+        p.mkdir()
+        p_init = p / "__init__.py"
+        p_init.touch()
         m = import_path(p)
         assert m.__name__ == "hello_123"
         m = import_path(p_init)
         assert m.__name__ == "hello_123"
 
-    def test_a(self, path1):
-        otherdir = path1.join("otherdir")
-        mod = import_path(otherdir.join("a.py"))
+    def test_a(self, path1: Path) -> None:
+        otherdir = path1 / "otherdir"
+        mod = import_path(otherdir / "a.py")
         assert mod.result == "got it"  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
         assert mod.__name__ == "otherdir.a"
 
-    def test_b(self, path1):
-        otherdir = path1.join("otherdir")
-        mod = import_path(otherdir.join("b.py"))
+    def test_b(self, path1: Path) -> None:
+        otherdir = path1 / "otherdir"
+        mod = import_path(otherdir / "b.py")
         assert mod.stuff == "got it"  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
         assert mod.__name__ == "otherdir.b"
 
-    def test_c(self, path1):
-        otherdir = path1.join("otherdir")
-        mod = import_path(otherdir.join("c.py"))
+    def test_c(self, path1: Path) -> None:
+        otherdir = path1 / "otherdir"
+        mod = import_path(otherdir / "c.py")
         assert mod.value == "got it"  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
 
-    def test_d(self, path1):
-        otherdir = path1.join("otherdir")
-        mod = import_path(otherdir.join("d.py"))
+    def test_d(self, path1: Path) -> None:
+        otherdir = path1 / "otherdir"
+        mod = import_path(otherdir / "d.py")
         assert mod.value2 == "got it"  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
 
-    def test_import_after(self, tmpdir):
-        tmpdir.ensure("xxxpackage", "__init__.py")
-        mod1path = tmpdir.ensure("xxxpackage", "module1.py")
+    def test_import_after(self, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+        tmp_path.joinpath("xxxpackage").mkdir()
+        tmp_path.joinpath("xxxpackage", "__init__.py").touch()
+        mod1path = tmp_path.joinpath("xxxpackage", "module1.py")
+        mod1path.touch()
         mod1 = import_path(mod1path)
         assert mod1.__name__ == "xxxpackage.module1"
         from xxxpackage import module1
 
         assert module1 is mod1
 
-    def test_check_filepath_consistency(self, monkeypatch, tmpdir):
+    def test_check_filepath_consistency(
+        self, monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch, tmp_path: Path
+    ) -> None:
         name = "pointsback123"
-        ModuleType = type(os)
-        p = tmpdir.ensure(name + ".py")
+        p = tmp_path.joinpath(name + ".py")
+        p.touch()
         for ending in (".pyc", ".pyo"):
             mod = ModuleType(name)
-            pseudopath = tmpdir.ensure(name + ending)
+            pseudopath = tmp_path.joinpath(name + ending)
+            pseudopath.touch()
             mod.__file__ = str(pseudopath)
             monkeypatch.setitem(sys.modules, name, mod)
             newmod = import_path(p)
             assert mod == newmod
         monkeypatch.undo()
         mod = ModuleType(name)
-        pseudopath = tmpdir.ensure(name + "123.py")
+        pseudopath = tmp_path.joinpath(name + "123.py")
+        pseudopath.touch()
         mod.__file__ = str(pseudopath)
         monkeypatch.setitem(sys.modules, name, mod)
         with pytest.raises(ImportPathMismatchError) as excinfo:
             import_path(p)
         modname, modfile, orig = excinfo.value.args
         assert modname == name
-        assert modfile == pseudopath
+        assert modfile == str(pseudopath)
         assert orig == p
         assert issubclass(ImportPathMismatchError, ImportError)
 
-    def test_issue131_on__init__(self, tmpdir):
+    def test_issue131_on__init__(self, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
         # __init__.py files may be namespace packages, and thus the
         # __file__ of an imported module may not be ourselves
         # see issue
-        p1 = tmpdir.ensure("proja", "__init__.py")
-        p2 = tmpdir.ensure("sub", "proja", "__init__.py")
+        tmp_path.joinpath("proja").mkdir()
+        p1 = tmp_path.joinpath("proja", "__init__.py")
+        p1.touch()
+        tmp_path.joinpath("sub", "proja").mkdir(parents=True)
+        p2 = tmp_path.joinpath("sub", "proja", "__init__.py")
+        p2.touch()
         m1 = import_path(p1)
         m2 = import_path(p2)
         assert m1 == m2
 
-    def test_ensuresyspath_append(self, tmpdir):
-        root1 = tmpdir.mkdir("root1")
-        file1 = root1.ensure("x123.py")
+    def test_ensuresyspath_append(self, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+        root1 = tmp_path / "root1"
+        root1.mkdir()
+        file1 = root1 / "x123.py"
+        file1.touch()
         assert str(root1) not in sys.path
         import_path(file1, mode="append")
         assert str(root1) == sys.path[-1]
         assert str(root1) not in sys.path[:-1]
 
-    def test_invalid_path(self, tmpdir):
+    def test_invalid_path(self, tmp_path: Path) -> None:
         with pytest.raises(ImportError):
-            import_path(tmpdir.join("invalid.py"))
+            import_path(tmp_path / "invalid.py")
 
     @pytest.fixture
-    def simple_module(self, tmpdir):
-        fn = tmpdir.join("mymod.py")
-        fn.write(
+    def simple_module(self, tmp_path: Path) -> Path:
+        fn = tmp_path / "mymod.py"
+        fn.write_text(
             dedent(
                 """
             def foo(x): return 40 + x
@@ -271,19 +296,21 @@ class TestImportPath:
         )
         return fn
 
-    def test_importmode_importlib(self, simple_module):
+    def test_importmode_importlib(self, simple_module: Path) -> None:
         """`importlib` mode does not change sys.path."""
         module = import_path(simple_module, mode="importlib")
         assert module.foo(2) == 42  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
-        assert simple_module.dirname not in sys.path
+        assert str(simple_module.parent) not in sys.path
 
-    def test_importmode_twice_is_different_module(self, simple_module):
+    def test_importmode_twice_is_different_module(self, simple_module: Path) -> None:
         """`importlib` mode always returns a new module."""
         module1 = import_path(simple_module, mode="importlib")
         module2 = import_path(simple_module, mode="importlib")
         assert module1 is not module2
 
-    def test_no_meta_path_found(self, simple_module, monkeypatch):
+    def test_no_meta_path_found(
+        self, simple_module: Path, monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch
+    ) -> None:
         """Even without any meta_path should still import module."""
         monkeypatch.setattr(sys, "meta_path", [])
         module = import_path(simple_module, mode="importlib")
@@ -299,7 +326,7 @@ class TestImportPath:
             import_path(simple_module, mode="importlib")
 
 
-def test_resolve_package_path(tmp_path):
+def test_resolve_package_path(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     pkg = tmp_path / "pkg1"
     pkg.mkdir()
     (pkg / "__init__.py").touch()
@@ -309,7 +336,7 @@ def test_resolve_package_path(tmp_path):
     assert resolve_package_path(pkg.joinpath("subdir", "__init__.py")) == pkg
 
 
-def test_package_unimportable(tmp_path):
+def test_package_unimportable(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     pkg = tmp_path / "pkg1-1"
     pkg.mkdir()
     pkg.joinpath("__init__.py").touch()
@@ -323,7 +350,7 @@ def test_package_unimportable(tmp_path):
     assert not resolve_package_path(pkg)
 
 
-def test_access_denied_during_cleanup(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+def test_access_denied_during_cleanup(tmp_path: Path, monkeypatch: MonkeyPatch) -> None:
     """Ensure that deleting a numbered dir does not fail because of OSErrors (#4262)."""
     path = tmp_path / "temp-1"
     path.mkdir()
@@ -338,7 +365,7 @@ def test_access_denied_during_cleanup(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
     assert not lock_path.is_file()
 
 
-def test_long_path_during_cleanup(tmp_path):
+def test_long_path_during_cleanup(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     """Ensure that deleting long path works (particularly on Windows (#6775))."""
     path = (tmp_path / ("a" * 250)).resolve()
     if sys.platform == "win32":
@@ -354,14 +381,14 @@ def test_long_path_during_cleanup(tmp_path):
     assert not os.path.isdir(extended_path)
 
 
-def test_get_extended_length_path_str():
+def test_get_extended_length_path_str() -> None:
     assert get_extended_length_path_str(r"c:\foo") == r"\\?\c:\foo"
     assert get_extended_length_path_str(r"\\share\foo") == r"\\?\UNC\share\foo"
     assert get_extended_length_path_str(r"\\?\UNC\share\foo") == r"\\?\UNC\share\foo"
     assert get_extended_length_path_str(r"\\?\c:\foo") == r"\\?\c:\foo"
 
 
-def test_suppress_error_removing_lock(tmp_path):
+def test_suppress_error_removing_lock(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
     """ensure_deletable should be resilient if lock file cannot be removed (#5456, #7491)"""
     path = tmp_path / "dir"
     path.mkdir()
@@ -406,15 +433,14 @@ def test_commonpath() -> None:
     assert commonpath(path, path.parent.parent) == path.parent.parent
 
 
-def test_visit_ignores_errors(tmpdir) -> None:
-    symlink_or_skip("recursive", tmpdir.join("recursive"))
-    tmpdir.join("foo").write_binary(b"")
-    tmpdir.join("bar").write_binary(b"")
+def test_visit_ignores_errors(tmp_path: Path) -> None:
+    symlink_or_skip("recursive", tmp_path / "recursive")
+    tmp_path.joinpath("foo").write_bytes(b"")
+    tmp_path.joinpath("bar").write_bytes(b"")
 
-    assert [entry.name for entry in visit(tmpdir, recurse=lambda entry: False)] == [
-        "bar",
-        "foo",
-    ]
+    assert [
+        entry.name for entry in visit(str(tmp_path), recurse=lambda entry: False)
+    ] == ["bar", "foo"]
 
 
 @pytest.mark.skipif(not sys.platform.startswith("win"), reason="Windows only")