path: root/source/disassemble.cpp

// Copyright (c) 2015-2020 The Khronos Group Inc.
// Modifications Copyright (C) 2020 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights
// reserved.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

// This file contains a disassembler:  It converts a SPIR-V binary
// to text.

#include <algorithm>
#include <cassert>
#include <cstring>
#include <iomanip>
#include <memory>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <utility>

#include "source/assembly_grammar.h"
#include "source/binary.h"
#include "source/diagnostic.h"
#include "source/disassemble.h"
#include "source/ext_inst.h"
#include "source/name_mapper.h"
#include "source/opcode.h"
#include "source/parsed_operand.h"
#include "source/print.h"
#include "source/spirv_constant.h"
#include "source/spirv_endian.h"
#include "source/util/hex_float.h"
#include "source/util/make_unique.h"
#include "spirv-tools/libspirv.h"

namespace {

// A Disassembler instance converts a SPIR-V binary to its assembly
// representation.
class Disassembler {
 public:
  Disassembler(const spvtools::AssemblyGrammar& grammar, uint32_t options,
               spvtools::NameMapper name_mapper)
      : grammar_(grammar),
        print_(spvIsInBitfield(SPV_BINARY_TO_TEXT_OPTION_PRINT, options)),
        color_(spvIsInBitfield(SPV_BINARY_TO_TEXT_OPTION_COLOR, options)),
        indent_(spvIsInBitfield(SPV_BINARY_TO_TEXT_OPTION_INDENT, options)
                    ? kStandardIndent
                    : 0),
        comment_(spvIsInBitfield(SPV_BINARY_TO_TEXT_OPTION_COMMENT, options)),
        text_(),
        out_(print_ ? out_stream() : out_stream(text_)),
        stream_(out_.get()),
        header_(!spvIsInBitfield(SPV_BINARY_TO_TEXT_OPTION_NO_HEADER, options)),
        show_byte_offset_(spvIsInBitfield(
            SPV_BINARY_TO_TEXT_OPTION_SHOW_BYTE_OFFSET, options)),
        byte_offset_(0),
        name_mapper_(std::move(name_mapper)) {}

  // Emits the assembly header for the module, and sets up internal state
  // so subsequent callbacks can handle the cases where the entire module
  // is either big-endian or little-endian.
  spv_result_t HandleHeader(spv_endianness_t endian, uint32_t version,
                            uint32_t generator, uint32_t id_bound,
                            uint32_t schema);
  // Emits the assembly text for the given instruction.
  spv_result_t HandleInstruction(const spv_parsed_instruction_t& inst);

  // If not printing, populates text_result with the accumulated text.
  // Returns SPV_SUCCESS on success.
  spv_result_t SaveTextResult(spv_text* text_result) const;

 private:
  enum { kStandardIndent = 15 };

  using out_stream = spvtools::out_stream;

  // Emits an operand for the given instruction, where the instruction
  // is at offset words from the start of the binary.
  void EmitOperand(const spv_parsed_instruction_t& inst,
                   const uint16_t operand_index);

  // Emits a mask expression for the given mask word of the specified type.
  void EmitMaskOperand(const spv_operand_type_t type, const uint32_t word);

  // Resets the output color, if color is turned on.
  void ResetColor() {
    if (color_) out_.get() << spvtools::clr::reset{print_};
  }
  // Sets the output to grey, if color is turned on.
  void SetGrey() {
    if (color_) out_.get() << spvtools::clr::grey{print_};
  }
  // Sets the output to blue, if color is turned on.
  void SetBlue() {
    if (color_) out_.get() << spvtools::clr::blue{print_};
  }
  // Sets the output to yellow, if color is turned on.
  void SetYellow() {
    if (color_) out_.get() << spvtools::clr::yellow{print_};
  }
  // Sets the output to red, if color is turned on.
  void SetRed() {
    if (color_) out_.get() << spvtools::clr::red{print_};
  }
  // Sets the output to green, if color is turned on.
  void SetGreen() {
    if (color_) out_.get() << spvtools::clr::green{print_};
  }

  const spvtools::AssemblyGrammar& grammar_;
  const bool print_;  // Should we also print to the standard output stream?
  const bool color_;  // Should we print in colour?
  const int indent_;  // How much to indent. 0 means don't indent
  const int comment_;        // Should we comment the source
  spv_endianness_t endian_;  // The detected endianness of the binary.
  std::stringstream text_;   // Captures the text, if not printing.
  out_stream out_;  // The Output stream.  Either to text_ or standard output.
  std::ostream& stream_;  // The output std::stream.
  const bool header_;     // Should we output header as the leading comment?
  const bool show_byte_offset_;  // Should we print byte offset, in hex?
  size_t byte_offset_;           // The number of bytes processed so far.
  spvtools::NameMapper name_mapper_;
  bool inserted_decoration_space_ = false;
  bool inserted_debug_space_ = false;
  bool inserted_type_space_ = false;
};

spv_result_t Disassembler::HandleHeader(spv_endianness_t endian,
                                        uint32_t version, uint32_t generator,
                                        uint32_t id_bound, uint32_t schema) {
  endian_ = endian;

  if (header_) {
    const char* generator_tool =
        spvGeneratorStr(SPV_GENERATOR_TOOL_PART(generator));
    stream_ << "; SPIR-V\n"
            << "; Version: " << SPV_SPIRV_VERSION_MAJOR_PART(version) << "."
            << SPV_SPIRV_VERSION_MINOR_PART(version) << "\n"
            << "; Generator: " << generator_tool;
    // For unknown tools, print the numeric tool value.
    if (0 == strcmp("Unknown", generator_tool)) {
      stream_ << "(" << SPV_GENERATOR_TOOL_PART(generator) << ")";
    }
    // Print the miscellaneous part of the generator word on the same
    // line as the tool name.
    stream_ << "; " << SPV_GENERATOR_MISC_PART(generator) << "\n"
            << "; Bound: " << id_bound << "\n"
            << "; Schema: " << schema << "\n";
  }

  byte_offset_ = SPV_INDEX_INSTRUCTION * sizeof(uint32_t);

  return SPV_SUCCESS;
}

spv_result_t Disassembler::HandleInstruction(
    const spv_parsed_instruction_t& inst) {
  auto opcode = static_cast<SpvOp>(inst.opcode);
  if (comment_ && opcode == SpvOpFunction) {
    stream_ << std::endl;
    stream_ << std::string(indent_, ' ');
    stream_ << "; Function " << name_mapper_(inst.result_id) << std::endl;
  }
  if (comment_ && !inserted_decoration_space_ &&
      spvOpcodeIsDecoration(opcode)) {
    inserted_decoration_space_ = true;
    stream_ << std::endl;
    stream_ << std::string(indent_, ' ');
    stream_ << "; Annotations" << std::endl;
  }
  if (comment_ && !inserted_debug_space_ && spvOpcodeIsDebug(opcode)) {
    inserted_debug_space_ = true;
    stream_ << std::endl;
    stream_ << std::string(indent_, ' ');
    stream_ << "; Debug Information" << std::endl;
  }
  if (comment_ && !inserted_type_space_ && spvOpcodeGeneratesType(opcode)) {
    inserted_type_space_ = true;
    stream_ << std::endl;
    stream_ << std::string(indent_, ' ');
    stream_ << "; Types, variables and constants" << std::endl;
  }

  if (inst.result_id) {
    SetBlue();
    const std::string id_name = name_mapper_(inst.result_id);
    if (indent_)
      stream_ << std::setw(std::max(0, indent_ - 3 - int(id_name.size())));
    stream_ << "%" << id_name;
    ResetColor();
    stream_ << " = ";
  } else {
    stream_ << std::string(indent_, ' ');
  }

  stream_ << "Op" << spvOpcodeString(opcode);

  for (uint16_t i = 0; i < inst.num_operands; i++) {
    const spv_operand_type_t type = inst.operands[i].type;
    assert(type != SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_NONE);
    if (type == SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_RESULT_ID) continue;
    stream_ << " ";
    EmitOperand(inst, i);
  }

  if (comment_ && opcode == SpvOpName) {
    const spv_parsed_operand_t& operand = inst.operands[0];
    const uint32_t word = inst.words[operand.offset];
    stream_ << "  ; id %" << word;
  }

  if (show_byte_offset_) {
    SetGrey();
    auto saved_flags = stream_.flags();
    auto saved_fill = stream_.fill();
    stream_ << " ; 0x" << std::setw(8) << std::hex << std::setfill('0')
            << byte_offset_;
    stream_.flags(saved_flags);
    stream_.fill(saved_fill);
    ResetColor();
  }

  byte_offset_ += inst.num_words * sizeof(uint32_t);

  stream_ << "\n";
  return SPV_SUCCESS;
}

void Disassembler::EmitOperand(const spv_parsed_instruction_t& inst,
                               const uint16_t operand_index) {
  assert(operand_index < inst.num_operands);
  const spv_parsed_operand_t& operand = inst.operands[operand_index];
  const uint32_t word = inst.words[operand.offset];
  switch (operand.type) {
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_RESULT_ID:
      assert(false && "<result-id> is not supposed to be handled here");
      SetBlue();
      stream_ << "%" << name_mapper_(word);
      break;
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_ID:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_TYPE_ID:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_SCOPE_ID:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_MEMORY_SEMANTICS_ID:
      SetYellow();
      stream_ << "%" << name_mapper_(word);
      break;
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_EXTENSION_INSTRUCTION_NUMBER: {
      spv_ext_inst_desc ext_inst;
      SetRed();
      if (grammar_.lookupExtInst(inst.ext_inst_type, word, &ext_inst) ==
          SPV_SUCCESS) {
        stream_ << ext_inst->name;
      } else {
        if (!spvExtInstIsNonSemantic(inst.ext_inst_type)) {
          assert(false && "should have caught this earlier");
        } else {
          // for non-semantic instruction sets we can just print the number
          stream_ << word;
        }
      }
    } break;
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_SPEC_CONSTANT_OP_NUMBER: {
      spv_opcode_desc opcode_desc;
      if (grammar_.lookupOpcode(SpvOp(word), &opcode_desc))
        assert(false && "should have caught this earlier");
      SetRed();
      stream_ << opcode_desc->name;
    } break;
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_LITERAL_INTEGER:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_TYPED_LITERAL_NUMBER: {
      SetRed();
      spvtools::EmitNumericLiteral(&stream_, inst, operand);
      ResetColor();
    } break;
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_LITERAL_STRING: {
      stream_ << "\"";
      SetGreen();
      // Strings are always little-endian, and null-terminated.
      // Write out the characters, escaping as needed, and without copying
      // the entire string.
      auto c_str = reinterpret_cast<const char*>(inst.words + operand.offset);
      for (auto p = c_str; *p; ++p) {
        if (*p == '"' || *p == '\\') stream_ << '\\';
        stream_ << *p;
      }
      ResetColor();
      stream_ << '"';
    } break;
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_CAPABILITY:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_SOURCE_LANGUAGE:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_EXECUTION_MODEL:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_ADDRESSING_MODEL:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_MEMORY_MODEL:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_EXECUTION_MODE:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_STORAGE_CLASS:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_DIMENSIONALITY:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_SAMPLER_ADDRESSING_MODE:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_SAMPLER_FILTER_MODE:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_SAMPLER_IMAGE_FORMAT:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_FP_ROUNDING_MODE:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_LINKAGE_TYPE:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_ACCESS_QUALIFIER:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_FUNCTION_PARAMETER_ATTRIBUTE:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_DECORATION:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_BUILT_IN:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_GROUP_OPERATION:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_KERNEL_ENQ_FLAGS:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_KERNEL_PROFILING_INFO:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_RAY_FLAGS:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_RAY_QUERY_INTERSECTION:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_RAY_QUERY_COMMITTED_INTERSECTION_TYPE:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_RAY_QUERY_CANDIDATE_INTERSECTION_TYPE:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_DEBUG_BASE_TYPE_ATTRIBUTE_ENCODING:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_DEBUG_COMPOSITE_TYPE:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_DEBUG_TYPE_QUALIFIER:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_DEBUG_OPERATION:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_CLDEBUG100_DEBUG_BASE_TYPE_ATTRIBUTE_ENCODING:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_CLDEBUG100_DEBUG_COMPOSITE_TYPE:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_CLDEBUG100_DEBUG_TYPE_QUALIFIER:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_CLDEBUG100_DEBUG_OPERATION:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_CLDEBUG100_DEBUG_IMPORTED_ENTITY:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_FPDENORM_MODE:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_FPOPERATION_MODE:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_QUANTIZATION_MODES:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_OVERFLOW_MODES: {
      spv_operand_desc entry;
      if (grammar_.lookupOperand(operand.type, word, &entry))
        assert(false && "should have caught this earlier");
      stream_ << entry->name;
    } break;
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_FP_FAST_MATH_MODE:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_FUNCTION_CONTROL:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_LOOP_CONTROL:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_IMAGE:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_MEMORY_ACCESS:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_SELECTION_CONTROL:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_DEBUG_INFO_FLAGS:
    case SPV_OPERAND_TYPE_CLDEBUG100_DEBUG_INFO_FLAGS:
      EmitMaskOperand(operand.type, word);
      break;
    default:
      if (spvOperandIsConcreteMask(operand.type)) {
        EmitMaskOperand(operand.type, word);
      } else if (spvOperandIsConcrete(operand.type)) {
        spv_operand_desc entry;
        if (grammar_.lookupOperand(operand.type, word, &entry))
          assert(false && "should have caught this earlier");
        stream_ << entry->name;
      } else {
        assert(false && "unhandled or invalid case");
      }
      break;
  }
  ResetColor();
}

void Disassembler::EmitMaskOperand(const spv_operand_type_t type,
                                   const uint32_t word) {
  // Scan the mask from least significant bit to most significant bit.  For each
  // set bit, emit the name of that bit. Separate multiple names with '|'.
  uint32_t remaining_word = word;
  uint32_t mask;
  int num_emitted = 0;
  for (mask = 1; remaining_word; mask <<= 1) {
    if (remaining_word & mask) {
      remaining_word ^= mask;
      spv_operand_desc entry;
      if (grammar_.lookupOperand(type, mask, &entry))
        assert(false && "should have caught this earlier");
      if (num_emitted) stream_ << "|";
      stream_ << entry->name;
      num_emitted++;
    }
  }
  if (!num_emitted) {
    // An operand value of 0 was provided, so represent it by the name
    // of the 0 value. In many cases, that's "None".
    spv_operand_desc entry;
    if (SPV_SUCCESS == grammar_.lookupOperand(type, 0, &entry))
      stream_ << entry->name;
  }
}

spv_result_t Disassembler::SaveTextResult(spv_text* text_result) const {
  if (!print_) {
    size_t length = text_.str().size();
    char* str = new char[length + 1];
    if (!str) return SPV_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
    strncpy(str, text_.str().c_str(), length + 1);
    spv_text text = new spv_text_t();
    if (!text) {
      delete[] str;
      return SPV_ERROR_OUT_OF_MEMORY;
    }
    text->str = str;
    text->length = length;
    *text_result = text;
  }
  return SPV_SUCCESS;
}

spv_result_t DisassembleHeader(void* user_data, spv_endianness_t endian,
                               uint32_t /* magic */, uint32_t version,
                               uint32_t generator, uint32_t id_bound,
                               uint32_t schema) {
  assert(user_data);
  auto disassembler = static_cast<Disassembler*>(user_data);
  return disassembler->HandleHeader(endian, version, generator, id_bound,
                                    schema);
}

spv_result_t DisassembleInstruction(
    void* user_data, const spv_parsed_instruction_t* parsed_instruction) {
  assert(user_data);
  auto disassembler = static_cast<Disassembler*>(user_data);
  return disassembler->HandleInstruction(*parsed_instruction);
}

// Simple wrapper class to provide extra data necessary for targeted
// instruction disassembly.
class WrappedDisassembler {
 public:
  WrappedDisassembler(Disassembler* dis, const uint32_t* binary, size_t wc)
      : disassembler_(dis), inst_binary_(binary), word_count_(wc) {}

  Disassembler* disassembler() { return disassembler_; }
  const uint32_t* inst_binary() const { return inst_binary_; }
  size_t word_count() const { return word_count_; }

 private:
  Disassembler* disassembler_;
  const uint32_t* inst_binary_;
  const size_t word_count_;
};

spv_result_t DisassembleTargetHeader(void* user_data, spv_endianness_t endian,
                                     uint32_t /* magic */, uint32_t version,
                                     uint32_t generator, uint32_t id_bound,
                                     uint32_t schema) {
  assert(user_data);
  auto wrapped = static_cast<WrappedDisassembler*>(user_data);
  return wrapped->disassembler()->HandleHeader(endian, version, generator,
                                               id_bound, schema);
}

spv_result_t DisassembleTargetInstruction(
    void* user_data, const spv_parsed_instruction_t* parsed_instruction) {
  assert(user_data);
  auto wrapped = static_cast<WrappedDisassembler*>(user_data);
  // Check if this is the instruction we want to disassemble.
  if (wrapped->word_count() == parsed_instruction->num_words &&
      std::equal(wrapped->inst_binary(),
                 wrapped->inst_binary() + wrapped->word_count(),
                 parsed_instruction->words)) {
    // Found the target instruction. Disassemble it and signal that we should
    // stop searching so we don't output the same instruction again.
    if (auto error =
            wrapped->disassembler()->HandleInstruction(*parsed_instruction))
      return error;
    return SPV_REQUESTED_TERMINATION;
  }
  return SPV_SUCCESS;
}

}  // namespace

spv_result_t spvBinaryToText(const spv_const_context context,
                             const uint32_t* code, const size_t wordCount,
                             const uint32_t options, spv_text* pText,
                             spv_diagnostic* pDiagnostic) {
  spv_context_t hijack_context = *context;
  if (pDiagnostic) {
    *pDiagnostic = nullptr;
    spvtools::UseDiagnosticAsMessageConsumer(&hijack_context, pDiagnostic);
  }

  const spvtools::AssemblyGrammar grammar(&hijack_context);
  if (!grammar.isValid()) return SPV_ERROR_INVALID_TABLE;

  // Generate friendly names for Ids if requested.
  std::unique_ptr<spvtools::FriendlyNameMapper> friendly_mapper;
  spvtools::NameMapper name_mapper = spvtools::GetTrivialNameMapper();
  if (options & SPV_BINARY_TO_TEXT_OPTION_FRIENDLY_NAMES) {
    friendly_mapper = spvtools::MakeUnique<spvtools::FriendlyNameMapper>(
        &hijack_context, code, wordCount);
    name_mapper = friendly_mapper->GetNameMapper();
  }

  // Now disassemble!
  Disassembler disassembler(grammar, options, name_mapper);
  if (auto error = spvBinaryParse(&hijack_context, &disassembler, code,
                                  wordCount, DisassembleHeader,
                                  DisassembleInstruction, pDiagnostic)) {
    return error;
  }

  return disassembler.SaveTextResult(pText);
}

std::string spvtools::spvInstructionBinaryToText(const spv_target_env env,
                                                 const uint32_t* instCode,
                                                 const size_t instWordCount,
                                                 const uint32_t* code,
                                                 const size_t wordCount,
                                                 const uint32_t options) {
  spv_context context = spvContextCreate(env);
  const spvtools::AssemblyGrammar grammar(context);
  if (!grammar.isValid()) {
    spvContextDestroy(context);
    return "";
  }

  // Generate friendly names for Ids if requested.
  std::unique_ptr<spvtools::FriendlyNameMapper> friendly_mapper;
  spvtools::NameMapper name_mapper = spvtools::GetTrivialNameMapper();
  if (options & SPV_BINARY_TO_TEXT_OPTION_FRIENDLY_NAMES) {
    friendly_mapper = spvtools::MakeUnique<spvtools::FriendlyNameMapper>(
        context, code, wordCount);
    name_mapper = friendly_mapper->GetNameMapper();
  }

  // Now disassemble!
  Disassembler disassembler(grammar, options, name_mapper);
  WrappedDisassembler wrapped(&disassembler, instCode, instWordCount);
  spvBinaryParse(context, &wrapped, code, wordCount, DisassembleTargetHeader,
                 DisassembleTargetInstruction, nullptr);

  spv_text text = nullptr;
  std::string output;
  if (disassembler.SaveTextResult(&text) == SPV_SUCCESS) {
    output.assign(text->str, text->str + text->length);
    // Drop trailing newline characters.
    while (!output.empty() && output.back() == '\n') output.pop_back();
  }
  spvTextDestroy(text);
  spvContextDestroy(context);

  return output;
}