Miscellaneous cleanups

MOE_MIGRATED_REVID=225619145

26 files changed, 124 insertions, 107 deletions

diff --git a/java/com/google/turbine/binder/ConstBinder.java b/java/com/google/turbine/binder/ConstBinder.java
index e5717b2..0f989dd 100644
--- a/java/com/google/turbine/binder/ConstBinder.java
+++ b/java/com/google/turbine/binder/ConstBinder.java
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.AnnotationMetadata;
-import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.ClassValue;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.EnumConstantValue;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.SourceTypeBoundClass;
+import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.TurbineClassValue;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.TypeBoundClass;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.TypeBoundClass.FieldInfo;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.TypeBoundClass.MethodInfo;
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ public class ConstBinder {
     if (value.kind() != Kind.CLASS_LITERAL) {
       return null;
     }
-    Type type = ((ClassValue) value).type();
+    Type type = ((TurbineClassValue) value).type();
     if (type.tyKind() != TyKind.CLASS_TY) {
       return null;
     }
diff --git a/java/com/google/turbine/binder/ConstEvaluator.java b/java/com/google/turbine/binder/ConstEvaluator.java
index 2d8ce2d..d565cee 100644
--- a/java/com/google/turbine/binder/ConstEvaluator.java
+++ b/java/com/google/turbine/binder/ConstEvaluator.java
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
 import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.AnnotationValue;
-import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.ClassValue;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.EnumConstantValue;
+import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.TurbineClassValue;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.TypeBoundClass;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.TypeBoundClass.FieldInfo;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.TypeBoundClass.MethodInfo;
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ public strictfp class ConstEvaluator {
 
   /** Evaluates a class literal. */
   Const evalClassLiteral(ClassLiteral t) {
-    return new ClassValue(evalClassLiteralType(t.type()));
+    return new TurbineClassValue(evalClassLiteralType(t.type()));
   }
 
   private Type evalClassLiteralType(Tree.Type type) {
diff --git a/java/com/google/turbine/binder/CtSymClassBinder.java b/java/com/google/turbine/binder/CtSymClassBinder.java
index 89e8b01..84fa966 100644
--- a/java/com/google/turbine/binder/CtSymClassBinder.java
+++ b/java/com/google/turbine/binder/CtSymClassBinder.java
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package com.google.turbine.binder;
 
+import static com.google.common.base.StandardSystemProperty.JAVA_HOME;
+
 import com.google.common.base.Supplier;
 import com.google.common.base.Suppliers;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
@@ -42,7 +44,7 @@ public class CtSymClassBinder {
 
   @Nullable
   public static ClassPath bind(String version) throws IOException {
-    Path javaHome = Paths.get(System.getProperty("java.home"));
+    Path javaHome = Paths.get(JAVA_HOME.value());
     Path ctSym = javaHome.resolve("lib/ct.sym");
     if (!Files.exists(ctSym)) {
       throw new IllegalStateException("lib/ct.sym does not exist in " + javaHome);
diff --git a/java/com/google/turbine/binder/JimageClassBinder.java b/java/com/google/turbine/binder/JimageClassBinder.java
index 5b2b110..e3d0865 100644
--- a/java/com/google/turbine/binder/JimageClassBinder.java
+++ b/java/com/google/turbine/binder/JimageClassBinder.java
@@ -16,6 +16,8 @@
 
 package com.google.turbine.binder;
 
+import static com.google.common.base.StandardSystemProperty.JAVA_HOME;
+
 import com.google.common.base.Joiner;
 import com.google.common.base.Supplier;
 import com.google.common.base.Suppliers;
@@ -79,7 +81,7 @@ public class JimageClassBinder {
 
   /** Returns a platform classpath for the given JDK's jimage file. */
   public static ClassPath bind(String javaHome) throws IOException {
-    if (javaHome.equals(System.getProperty("java.home"))) {
+    if (javaHome.equals(JAVA_HOME.value())) {
       return bindDefault();
     }
     FileSystem fileSystem =
diff --git a/java/com/google/turbine/binder/bound/ClassValue.java b/java/com/google/turbine/binder/bound/TurbineClassValue.java
index a75db42..df55501 100644
--- a/java/com/google/turbine/binder/bound/ClassValue.java
+++ b/java/com/google/turbine/binder/bound/TurbineClassValue.java
@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ import com.google.turbine.type.Type;
 import java.util.Objects;
 
 /** A class literal constant. */
-public class ClassValue extends Const {
+public class TurbineClassValue extends Const {
 
   private final Type type;
 
-  public ClassValue(Type type) {
+  public TurbineClassValue(Type type) {
     this.type = type;
   }
 
@@ -46,11 +46,11 @@ public class ClassValue extends Const {
 
   @Override
   public int hashCode() {
-    return Objects.hash(type);
+    return Objects.hashCode(type);
   }
 
   @Override
   public boolean equals(Object obj) {
-    return obj instanceof ClassValue && type().equals(((ClassValue) obj).type());
+    return obj instanceof TurbineClassValue && type().equals(((TurbineClassValue) obj).type());
   }
 }
diff --git a/java/com/google/turbine/binder/bytecode/BytecodeBinder.java b/java/com/google/turbine/binder/bytecode/BytecodeBinder.java
index e5ba343..1d2eecb 100644
--- a/java/com/google/turbine/binder/bytecode/BytecodeBinder.java
+++ b/java/com/google/turbine/binder/bytecode/BytecodeBinder.java
@@ -19,9 +19,9 @@ package com.google.turbine.binder.bytecode;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.AnnotationValue;
-import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.ClassValue;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.EnumConstantValue;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.ModuleInfo;
+import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.TurbineClassValue;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.sym.ClassSymbol;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.sym.FieldSymbol;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.sym.TyVarSymbol;
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.ArrayValue;
-import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.ConstClassValue;
+import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.ConstTurbineClassValue;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.ConstValue;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.EnumConstValue;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassReader;
@@ -118,9 +118,9 @@ public class BytecodeBinder {
       case ARRAY:
         return bindArrayValue(type, (ArrayValue) value);
       case CLASS:
-        return new ClassValue(
+        return new TurbineClassValue(
             bindTy(
-                new SigParser(((ConstClassValue) value).className()).parseType(),
+                new SigParser(((ConstTurbineClassValue) value).className()).parseType(),
                 x -> {
                   throw new IllegalStateException(x);
                 }));
diff --git a/java/com/google/turbine/binder/bytecode/BytecodeBoundClass.java b/java/com/google/turbine/binder/bytecode/BytecodeBoundClass.java
index 962c5b4..6ff8cb4 100644
--- a/java/com/google/turbine/binder/bytecode/BytecodeBoundClass.java
+++ b/java/com/google/turbine/binder/bytecode/BytecodeBoundClass.java
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.ArrayValue;
-import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.ConstClassValue;
+import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.ConstTurbineClassValue;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.EnumConstValue;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.Kind;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.MethodInfo.ParameterInfo;
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ public class BytecodeBoundClass implements BoundClass, HeaderBoundClass, TypeBou
     ElementValue val = annotation.elementValuePairs().get("value");
     switch (val.kind()) {
       case CLASS:
-        String className = ((ConstClassValue) val).className();
+        String className = ((ConstTurbineClassValue) val).className();
         return new ClassSymbol(className.substring(1, className.length() - 1));
       default:
         break;
diff --git a/java/com/google/turbine/bytecode/AnnotationWriter.java b/java/com/google/turbine/bytecode/AnnotationWriter.java
index b52cc5e..868b548 100644
--- a/java/com/google/turbine/bytecode/AnnotationWriter.java
+++ b/java/com/google/turbine/bytecode/AnnotationWriter.java
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.AnnotationValue;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.ArrayValue;
-import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.ConstClassValue;
+import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.ConstTurbineClassValue;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.ConstValue;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.EnumConstValue;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.TypeAnnotationInfo;
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ public class AnnotationWriter {
         writeEnumElementValue((EnumConstValue) value);
         break;
       case CLASS:
-        writeClassElementValue((ConstClassValue) value);
+        writeClassElementValue((ConstTurbineClassValue) value);
         break;
       case ARRAY:
         writeArrayElementValue((ArrayValue) value);
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@ public class AnnotationWriter {
     output.writeShort(pool.utf8(value.constName()));
   }
 
-  private void writeClassElementValue(ConstClassValue value) {
+  private void writeClassElementValue(ConstTurbineClassValue value) {
     output.writeByte('c');
     output.writeShort(pool.utf8(value.className()));
   }
diff --git a/java/com/google/turbine/bytecode/ClassFile.java b/java/com/google/turbine/bytecode/ClassFile.java
index b418d70..54b6983 100644
--- a/java/com/google/turbine/bytecode/ClassFile.java
+++ b/java/com/google/turbine/bytecode/ClassFile.java
@@ -448,11 +448,11 @@ public class ClassFile {
       }
 
       /** A constant class literal value. */
-      class ConstClassValue implements ElementValue {
+      class ConstTurbineClassValue implements ElementValue {
 
         private final String className;
 
-        public ConstClassValue(String className) {
+        public ConstTurbineClassValue(String className) {
           this.className = className;
         }
 
diff --git a/java/com/google/turbine/bytecode/ClassReader.java b/java/com/google/turbine/bytecode/ClassReader.java
index 47f4ff5..a894997 100644
--- a/java/com/google/turbine/bytecode/ClassReader.java
+++ b/java/com/google/turbine/bytecode/ClassReader.java
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import com.google.errorprone.annotations.CheckReturnValue;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.AnnotationValue;
-import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.ConstClassValue;
+import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.ConstTurbineClassValue;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.ConstValue;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.AnnotationInfo.ElementValue.EnumConstValue;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.MethodInfo.ParameterInfo;
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.ModuleInfo.RequireInfo;
 import com.google.turbine.bytecode.ClassFile.ModuleInfo.UseInfo;
 import com.google.turbine.model.Const;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;
 
@@ -101,7 +100,7 @@ public class ClassReader {
     List<ClassFile.MethodInfo> methodinfos = readMethods(constantPool);
 
     String signature = null;
-    List<ClassFile.InnerClass> innerclasses = Collections.emptyList();
+    List<ClassFile.InnerClass> innerclasses = ImmutableList.of();
     ImmutableList.Builder<ClassFile.AnnotationInfo> annotations = ImmutableList.builder();
     ClassFile.ModuleInfo module = null;
     int attributesCount = reader.u2();
@@ -346,7 +345,7 @@ public class ClassReader {
         {
           int classInfoIndex = reader.u2();
           String className = constantPool.utf8(classInfoIndex);
-          return new ConstClassValue(className);
+          return new ConstTurbineClassValue(className);
         }
       case '@':
         return new AnnotationValue(readAnnotation(constantPool));
diff --git a/java/com/google/turbine/lower/Lower.java b/java/com/google/turbine/lower/Lower.java
index fe93a62..16447ab 100644
--- a/java/com/google/turbine/lower/Lower.java
+++ b/java/com/google/turbine/lower/Lower.java
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList.Builder;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.AnnotationValue;
-import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.ClassValue;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.EnumConstantValue;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.ModuleInfo.ExportInfo;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.ModuleInfo.OpenInfo;
@@ -34,6 +33,7 @@ import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.ModuleInfo.RequireInfo;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.ModuleInfo.UseInfo;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.SourceModuleInfo;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.SourceTypeBoundClass;
+import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.TurbineClassValue;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.TypeBoundClass;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.TypeBoundClass.FieldInfo;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.TypeBoundClass.MethodInfo;
@@ -79,7 +79,6 @@ import com.google.turbine.types.Erasure;
 import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
 import java.util.ArrayDeque;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.Deque;
 import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
 import java.util.List;
@@ -373,7 +372,7 @@ public class Lower {
 
   private ClassFile.FieldInfo lowerField(FieldInfo f) {
     final String name = f.name();
-    Function<TyVarSymbol, TyVarInfo> tenv = new TyVarEnv(Collections.emptyMap());
+    Function<TyVarSymbol, TyVarInfo> tenv = new TyVarEnv(ImmutableMap.of());
     String desc = SigWriter.type(sig.signature(Erasure.erase(f.type(), tenv)));
     String signature = sig.fieldSignature(f.type());
 
@@ -543,8 +542,9 @@ public class Lower {
     switch (value.kind()) {
       case CLASS_LITERAL:
         {
-          ClassValue classValue = (ClassValue) value;
-          return new ElementValue.ConstClassValue(SigWriter.type(sig.signature(classValue.type())));
+          TurbineClassValue classValue = (TurbineClassValue) value;
+          return new ElementValue.ConstTurbineClassValue(
+              SigWriter.type(sig.signature(classValue.type())));
         }
       case ENUM_CONSTANT:
         {
diff --git a/java/com/google/turbine/main/Main.java b/java/com/google/turbine/main/Main.java
index 03a68ce..34421e1 100644
--- a/java/com/google/turbine/main/Main.java
+++ b/java/com/google/turbine/main/Main.java
@@ -16,10 +16,12 @@
 
 package com.google.turbine.main;
 
+import static com.google.common.base.StandardSystemProperty.JAVA_SPECIFICATION_VERSION;
 import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
 
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
 import com.google.common.hash.Hashing;
+import com.google.common.io.MoreFiles;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.Binder;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.Binder.BindingResult;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.ClassPath;
@@ -145,7 +147,7 @@ public class Main {
 
     if (options.release().isPresent()) {
       String release = options.release().get();
-      if (release.equals(System.getProperty("java.specification.version"))) {
+      if (release.equals(JAVA_SPECIFICATION_VERSION.value())) {
         // if --release matches the host JDK, use its jimage instead of ct.sym
         return JimageClassBinder.bindDefault();
       }
@@ -172,7 +174,7 @@ public class Main {
     ImmutableList.Builder<CompUnit> units = ImmutableList.builder();
     for (String source : options.sources()) {
       Path path = Paths.get(source);
-      units.add(Parser.parse(new SourceFile(source, new String(Files.readAllBytes(path), UTF_8))));
+      units.add(Parser.parse(new SourceFile(source, MoreFiles.asCharSource(path, UTF_8).read())));
     }
     for (String sourceJar : options.sourceJars()) {
       for (Zip.Entry ze : new Zip.ZipIterable(Paths.get(sourceJar))) {
diff --git a/java/com/google/turbine/type/Type.java b/java/com/google/turbine/type/Type.java
index 3bf47d6..8950ec0 100644
--- a/java/com/google/turbine/type/Type.java
+++ b/java/com/google/turbine/type/Type.java
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package com.google.turbine.type;
 import com.google.auto.value.AutoValue;
 import com.google.common.base.Joiner;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
+import com.google.common.collect.Iterables;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.sym.ClassSymbol;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.sym.TyVarSymbol;
 import com.google.turbine.model.TurbineConstantTypeKind;
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@ public interface Type {
 
     /** The class symbol. */
     public ClassSymbol sym() {
-      return classes().get(classes().size() - 1).sym();
+      return Iterables.getLast(classes()).sym();
     }
 
     @Override
diff --git a/java/com/google/turbine/types/Canonicalize.java b/java/com/google/turbine/types/Canonicalize.java
index e133ab0..ab73618 100644
--- a/java/com/google/turbine/types/Canonicalize.java
+++ b/java/com/google/turbine/types/Canonicalize.java
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ public class Canonicalize {
   private Collection<ClassTy.SimpleClassTy> lexicalBase(ClassSymbol first, ClassSymbol owner) {
 
     if ((getInfo(first).access() & TurbineFlag.ACC_STATIC) == TurbineFlag.ACC_STATIC) {
-      return Collections.emptyList();
+      return ImmutableList.of();
     }
     ClassSymbol canonOwner = getInfo(first).owner();
     Deque<ClassTy.SimpleClassTy> result = new ArrayDeque<>();
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/BinderErrorTest.java b/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/BinderErrorTest.java
index bc61e76..737339b 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/BinderErrorTest.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/BinderErrorTest.java
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ import com.google.turbine.diag.TurbineError;
 import com.google.turbine.parse.Parser;
 import com.google.turbine.tree.Tree.CompUnit;
 import java.util.Arrays;
-import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.Optional;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
@@ -522,13 +521,13 @@ public class BinderErrorTest {
     try {
       Binder.bind(
               ImmutableList.of(parseLines(source)),
-              ClassPathBinder.bindClasspath(Collections.emptyList()),
+              ClassPathBinder.bindClasspath(ImmutableList.of()),
               TURBINE_BOOTCLASSPATH,
               /* moduleVersion=*/ Optional.empty())
           .units();
       fail(Joiner.on('\n').join(source));
     } catch (TurbineError e) {
-      assertThat(e.getMessage()).isEqualTo(lines(expected));
+      assertThat(e).hasMessageThat().isEqualTo(lines(expected));
     }
   }
 
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/BinderTest.java b/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/BinderTest.java
index 8bf4cd3..4b1e890 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/BinderTest.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/BinderTest.java
@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ import java.io.OutputStream;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Optional;
@@ -76,7 +75,7 @@ public class BinderTest {
     ImmutableMap<ClassSymbol, SourceTypeBoundClass> bound =
         Binder.bind(
                 units,
-                ClassPathBinder.bindClasspath(Collections.emptyList()),
+                ClassPathBinder.bindClasspath(ImmutableList.of()),
                 TURBINE_BOOTCLASSPATH,
                 /* moduleVersion=*/ Optional.empty())
             .units();
@@ -122,7 +121,7 @@ public class BinderTest {
     ImmutableMap<ClassSymbol, SourceTypeBoundClass> bound =
         Binder.bind(
                 units,
-                ClassPathBinder.bindClasspath(Collections.emptyList()),
+                ClassPathBinder.bindClasspath(ImmutableList.of()),
                 TURBINE_BOOTCLASSPATH,
                 /* moduleVersion=*/ Optional.empty())
             .units();
@@ -162,7 +161,7 @@ public class BinderTest {
     ImmutableMap<ClassSymbol, SourceTypeBoundClass> bound =
         Binder.bind(
                 units,
-                ClassPathBinder.bindClasspath(Collections.emptyList()),
+                ClassPathBinder.bindClasspath(ImmutableList.of()),
                 TURBINE_BOOTCLASSPATH,
                 /* moduleVersion=*/ Optional.empty())
             .units();
@@ -192,12 +191,12 @@ public class BinderTest {
     try {
       Binder.bind(
           units,
-          ClassPathBinder.bindClasspath(Collections.emptyList()),
+          ClassPathBinder.bindClasspath(ImmutableList.of()),
           TURBINE_BOOTCLASSPATH,
           /* moduleVersion=*/ Optional.empty());
       fail();
     } catch (TurbineError e) {
-      assertThat(e.getMessage()).contains("cycle in class hierarchy: a.A -> b.B -> a.A");
+      assertThat(e).hasMessageThat().contains("cycle in class hierarchy: a.A -> b.B -> a.A");
     }
   }
 
@@ -213,7 +212,7 @@ public class BinderTest {
     ImmutableMap<ClassSymbol, SourceTypeBoundClass> bound =
         Binder.bind(
                 units,
-                ClassPathBinder.bindClasspath(Collections.emptyList()),
+                ClassPathBinder.bindClasspath(ImmutableList.of()),
                 TURBINE_BOOTCLASSPATH,
                 /* moduleVersion=*/ Optional.empty())
             .units();
@@ -242,7 +241,7 @@ public class BinderTest {
     ImmutableMap<ClassSymbol, SourceTypeBoundClass> bound =
         Binder.bind(
                 units,
-                ClassPathBinder.bindClasspath(Collections.emptyList()),
+                ClassPathBinder.bindClasspath(ImmutableList.of()),
                 TURBINE_BOOTCLASSPATH,
                 /* moduleVersion=*/ Optional.empty())
             .units();
@@ -306,7 +305,7 @@ public class BinderTest {
     ImmutableMap<ClassSymbol, SourceTypeBoundClass> bound =
         Binder.bind(
                 units,
-                ClassPathBinder.bindClasspath(Collections.emptyList()),
+                ClassPathBinder.bindClasspath(ImmutableList.of()),
                 TURBINE_BOOTCLASSPATH,
                 /* moduleVersion=*/ Optional.empty())
             .units();
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/ClassPathBinderTest.java b/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/ClassPathBinderTest.java
index 0b063d4..3f41706 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/ClassPathBinderTest.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/ClassPathBinderTest.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 import com.google.common.base.VerifyException;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
 import com.google.common.io.ByteStreams;
+import com.google.common.io.MoreFiles;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.EnumConstantValue;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.TypeBoundClass;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bytecode.BytecodeBoundClass;
@@ -43,7 +44,6 @@ import com.google.turbine.type.AnnoInfo;
 import com.google.turbine.type.Type.ClassTy;
 import java.io.IOError;
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ public class ClassPathBinderTest {
         .isEqualTo(TurbineTyKind.ANNOTATION);
 
     c = env.get(new ClassSymbol("java/util/ArrayList"));
-    assertThat((c.access() & TurbineFlag.ACC_PUBLIC) == TurbineFlag.ACC_PUBLIC).isTrue();
+    assertThat((c.access() & TurbineFlag.ACC_PUBLIC)).isEqualTo(TurbineFlag.ACC_PUBLIC);
     assertThat(c.superclass()).isEqualTo(new ClassSymbol("java/util/AbstractList"));
     assertThat(c.interfaces()).contains(new ClassSymbol("java/util/List"));
     assertThat(c.owner()).isNull();
@@ -143,7 +143,8 @@ public class ClassPathBinderTest {
       c.owner();
       fail();
     } catch (VerifyException e) {
-      assertThat(e.getMessage())
+      assertThat(e)
+          .hasMessageThat()
           .contains("expected class data for java/util/List, saw java/util/ArrayList instead");
     }
   }
@@ -151,13 +152,13 @@ public class ClassPathBinderTest {
   @Test
   public void nonJarFile() throws Exception {
     Path lib = temporaryFolder.newFile("NOT_A_JAR").toPath();
-    Files.write(lib, "hello".getBytes(UTF_8));
+    MoreFiles.asCharSink(lib, UTF_8).write("hello");
 
     try {
       ClassPathBinder.bindClasspath(ImmutableList.of(lib));
       fail();
     } catch (IOException e) {
-      assertThat(e.getMessage()).contains("NOT_A_JAR");
+      assertThat(e).hasMessageThat().contains("NOT_A_JAR");
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/JimageClassBinderTest.java b/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/JimageClassBinderTest.java
index bbcb245..11d6823 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/JimageClassBinderTest.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/JimageClassBinderTest.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package com.google.turbine.binder;
 
+import static com.google.common.base.StandardSystemProperty.JAVA_CLASS_VERSION;
 import static com.google.common.collect.Iterables.getOnlyElement;
 import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
 
@@ -34,7 +35,7 @@ import org.junit.runners.JUnit4;
 public class JimageClassBinderTest {
   @Test
   public void testDefaultJimage() throws IOException {
-    if (Double.parseDouble(System.getProperty("java.class.version")) < 53) {
+    if (Double.parseDouble(JAVA_CLASS_VERSION.value()) < 53) {
       // only run on JDK 9 and later
       return;
     }
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/bytecode/BytecodeBoundClassTest.java b/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/bytecode/BytecodeBoundClassTest.java
index 4e3ec9a..2a0de48 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/bytecode/BytecodeBoundClassTest.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/turbine/binder/bytecode/BytecodeBoundClassTest.java
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import static java.util.Objects.requireNonNull;
 
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
 import com.google.common.io.ByteStreams;
-import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.ClassValue;
+import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.TurbineClassValue;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.TypeBoundClass;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.TypeBoundClass.MethodInfo;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.env.CompoundEnv;
@@ -110,9 +110,9 @@ public class BytecodeBoundClassTest {
     BytecodeBoundClass c = getBytecodeBoundClass(VoidAnno.class);
 
     assertThat(c.methods()).hasSize(2);
-    assertThat(((ClassValue) c.methods().get(0).defaultValue()).type().tyKind())
+    assertThat(((TurbineClassValue) c.methods().get(0).defaultValue()).type().tyKind())
         .isEqualTo(Type.TyKind.VOID_TY);
-    assertThat(((ClassValue) c.methods().get(1).defaultValue()).type().tyKind())
+    assertThat(((TurbineClassValue) c.methods().get(1).defaultValue()).type().tyKind())
         .isEqualTo(Type.TyKind.ARRAY_TY);
   }
 
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/turbine/deps/DependenciesTest.java b/javatests/com/google/turbine/deps/DependenciesTest.java
index 4c2362f..b1da209 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/turbine/deps/DependenciesTest.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/turbine/deps/DependenciesTest.java
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import com.google.common.base.Joiner;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
+import com.google.common.collect.Streams;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.Binder;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.Binder.BindingResult;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.ClassPathBinder;
@@ -47,7 +48,6 @@ import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.jar.JarEntry;
 import java.util.jar.JarOutputStream;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
-import java.util.stream.StreamSupport;
 import org.junit.Rule;
 import org.junit.Test;
 import org.junit.rules.TemporaryFolder;
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ public class DependenciesTest {
   }
 
   private Map<Path, DepsProto.Dependency.Kind> depsMap(DepsProto.Dependencies deps) {
-    return StreamSupport.stream(deps.getDependencyList().spliterator(), false)
+    return Streams.stream(deps.getDependencyList())
         .collect(Collectors.toMap(d -> Paths.get(d.getPath()), DepsProto.Dependency::getKind));
   }
 
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ public class DependenciesTest {
             .addSourceLines("Test.java", "class Test extends A {}")
             .run();
 
-    assertThat(depsMap(deps)).isEqualTo(ImmutableMap.of(liba, DepsProto.Dependency.Kind.EXPLICIT));
+    assertThat(depsMap(deps)).containsExactly(liba, DepsProto.Dependency.Kind.EXPLICIT);
   }
 
   @Test
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ public class DependenciesTest {
             .addSourceLines("Test.java", "class Test extends B {}")
             .run();
 
-    assertThat(depsMap(deps)).isEqualTo(ImmutableMap.of(libb, DepsProto.Dependency.Kind.EXPLICIT));
+    assertThat(depsMap(deps)).containsExactly(libb, DepsProto.Dependency.Kind.EXPLICIT);
   }
 
   @Test
@@ -184,10 +184,8 @@ public class DependenciesTest {
                 "}")
             .run();
     assertThat(depsMap(deps))
-        .isEqualTo(
-            ImmutableMap.of(
-                libb, DepsProto.Dependency.Kind.EXPLICIT,
-                liba, DepsProto.Dependency.Kind.EXPLICIT));
+        .containsExactly(
+            libb, DepsProto.Dependency.Kind.EXPLICIT, liba, DepsProto.Dependency.Kind.EXPLICIT);
   }
 
   @Test
@@ -227,11 +225,13 @@ public class DependenciesTest {
                   "class Test extends B {}")
               .run();
       assertThat(depsMap(deps))
-          .isEqualTo(
-              ImmutableMap.of(
-                  libi, DepsProto.Dependency.Kind.EXPLICIT,
-                  libb, DepsProto.Dependency.Kind.EXPLICIT,
-                  liba, DepsProto.Dependency.Kind.EXPLICIT));
+          .containsExactly(
+              libi,
+              DepsProto.Dependency.Kind.EXPLICIT,
+              libb,
+              DepsProto.Dependency.Kind.EXPLICIT,
+              liba,
+              DepsProto.Dependency.Kind.EXPLICIT);
     }
     {
       // partial classpath
@@ -244,10 +244,8 @@ public class DependenciesTest {
                   "class Test extends B {}")
               .run();
       assertThat(depsMap(deps))
-          .isEqualTo(
-              ImmutableMap.of(
-                  libb, DepsProto.Dependency.Kind.EXPLICIT,
-                  liba, DepsProto.Dependency.Kind.EXPLICIT));
+          .containsExactly(
+              libb, DepsProto.Dependency.Kind.EXPLICIT, liba, DepsProto.Dependency.Kind.EXPLICIT);
     }
   }
 
@@ -260,7 +258,7 @@ public class DependenciesTest {
     ImmutableSet<String> directJars = ImmutableSet.of();
     ImmutableList<String> depsArtifacts = ImmutableList.of();
     assertThat(Dependencies.reduceClasspath(classpath, directJars, depsArtifacts))
-        .isEqualTo(classpath);
+        .containsExactlyElementsIn(classpath);
   }
 
   @Test
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/turbine/lower/IntegrationTestSupport.java b/javatests/com/google/turbine/lower/IntegrationTestSupport.java
index c039241..a3c6c37 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/turbine/lower/IntegrationTestSupport.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/turbine/lower/IntegrationTestSupport.java
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList;
 import com.google.common.base.Joiner;
 import com.google.common.base.Splitter;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
+import com.google.common.io.MoreFiles;
 import com.google.common.jimfs.Configuration;
 import com.google.common.jimfs.Jimfs;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.Binder;
@@ -344,14 +345,14 @@ public class IntegrationTestSupport {
     if (annos == null) {
       return;
     }
-    annos.stream().forEach(a -> collectTypesFromAnnotation(types, a));
+    annos.forEach(a -> collectTypesFromAnnotation(types, a));
   }
 
   private static void addTypesInAnnotations(Set<String> types, List<AnnotationNode> annos) {
     if (annos == null) {
       return;
     }
-    annos.stream().forEach(a -> collectTypesFromAnnotation(types, a));
+    annos.forEach(a -> collectTypesFromAnnotation(types, a));
   }
 
   private static void collectTypesFromAnnotation(Set<String> types, AnnotationNode a) {
@@ -476,7 +477,7 @@ public class IntegrationTestSupport {
       if (path.getParent() != null) {
         Files.createDirectories(path.getParent());
       }
-      Files.write(path, entry.getValue().getBytes(UTF_8));
+      MoreFiles.asCharSink(path, UTF_8).write(entry.getValue());
       inputs.add(path);
     }
 
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/turbine/lower/LowerTest.java b/javatests/com/google/turbine/lower/LowerTest.java
index ef070f9..0de55c3 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/turbine/lower/LowerTest.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/turbine/lower/LowerTest.java
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@ public class LowerTest {
               }
             },
             0);
-    assertThat((acc[0] & Opcodes.ACC_DEPRECATED) == Opcodes.ACC_DEPRECATED).isTrue();
+    assertThat((acc[0] & Opcodes.ACC_DEPRECATED)).isEqualTo(Opcodes.ACC_DEPRECATED);
   }
 
   @Test
@@ -635,8 +635,8 @@ public class LowerTest {
               }
             },
             0);
-    assertThat((testAccess[0] & TurbineFlag.ACC_PUBLIC) == TurbineFlag.ACC_PUBLIC).isTrue();
-    assertThat((testAccess[0] & TurbineFlag.ACC_PROTECTED) == TurbineFlag.ACC_PROTECTED).isFalse();
+    assertThat((testAccess[0] & TurbineFlag.ACC_PUBLIC)).isEqualTo(TurbineFlag.ACC_PUBLIC);
+    assertThat((testAccess[0] & TurbineFlag.ACC_PROTECTED)).isNotEqualTo(TurbineFlag.ACC_PROTECTED);
   }
 
   static String lines(String... lines) {
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/turbine/lower/ModuleIntegrationTest.java b/javatests/com/google/turbine/lower/ModuleIntegrationTest.java
index 4067bd1..a72c971 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/turbine/lower/ModuleIntegrationTest.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/turbine/lower/ModuleIntegrationTest.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package com.google.turbine.lower;
 
+import static com.google.common.base.StandardSystemProperty.JAVA_CLASS_VERSION;
 import static com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap.toImmutableMap;
 import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
 import static java.util.stream.Collectors.toList;
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ public class ModuleIntegrationTest {
 
   @Test
   public void test() throws Exception {
-    if (Double.parseDouble(System.getProperty("java.class.version")) < 53) {
+    if (Double.parseDouble(JAVA_CLASS_VERSION.value()) < 53) {
       // only run on JDK 9 and later
       return;
     }
@@ -97,7 +98,7 @@ public class ModuleIntegrationTest {
         IntegrationTestSupport.runTurbine(
             input.sources,
             classpathJar,
-            Double.parseDouble(System.getProperty("java.class.version")) < 54
+            Double.parseDouble(JAVA_CLASS_VERSION.value()) < 54
                 ? JimageClassBinder.bindDefault()
                 : CtSymClassBinder.bind("9"),
             Optional.of("42"));
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/turbine/main/MainTest.java b/javatests/com/google/turbine/main/MainTest.java
index 654a89b..65f3167 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/turbine/main/MainTest.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/turbine/main/MainTest.java
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 
 package com.google.turbine.main;
 
+import static com.google.common.base.StandardSystemProperty.JAVA_CLASS_VERSION;
 import static com.google.common.truth.Truth.assertThat;
 import static com.google.turbine.testing.TestClassPaths.optionsWithBootclasspath;
 import static java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ import static org.junit.Assert.fail;
 
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
 import com.google.common.io.ByteStreams;
+import com.google.common.io.MoreFiles;
 import com.google.turbine.diag.TurbineError;
 import com.google.turbine.options.TurbineOptions;
 import java.io.IOException;
@@ -71,14 +73,14 @@ public class MainTest {
               .build());
       fail();
     } catch (TurbineError e) {
-      assertThat(e.getMessage()).contains("error: duplicate declaration of Test");
+      assertThat(e).hasMessageThat().contains("error: duplicate declaration of Test");
     }
   }
 
   @Test
   public void packageInfo() throws IOException {
     Path src = temporaryFolder.newFile("package-info.jar").toPath();
-    Files.write(src, "@Deprecated package test;".getBytes(UTF_8));
+    MoreFiles.asCharSink(src, UTF_8).write("@Deprecated package test;");
 
     Path output = temporaryFolder.newFile("output.jar").toPath();
 
@@ -130,7 +132,7 @@ public class MainTest {
 
   @Test
   public void moduleInfos() throws IOException {
-    if (Double.parseDouble(System.getProperty("java.class.version")) < 53) {
+    if (Double.parseDouble(JAVA_CLASS_VERSION.value()) < 53) {
       // only run on JDK 9 and later
       return;
     }
@@ -144,7 +146,7 @@ public class MainTest {
     }
 
     Path src = temporaryFolder.newFile("module-info.java").toPath();
-    Files.write(src, "module baz {}".getBytes(UTF_8));
+    MoreFiles.asCharSink(src, UTF_8).write("module baz {}");
 
     Path output = temporaryFolder.newFile("output.jar").toPath();
 
@@ -166,7 +168,7 @@ public class MainTest {
   @Test
   public void testManifest() throws IOException {
     Path src = temporaryFolder.newFile("Foo.java").toPath();
-    Files.write(src, "class Foo {}".getBytes(UTF_8));
+    MoreFiles.asCharSink(src, UTF_8).write("class Foo {}");
 
     Path output = temporaryFolder.newFile("output.jar").toPath();
 
@@ -195,7 +197,7 @@ public class MainTest {
   public void emptyBootClassPath() throws IOException {
     Path src = temporaryFolder.newFolder().toPath().resolve("java/lang/Object.java");
     Files.createDirectories(src.getParent());
-    Files.write(src, "package java.lang; public class Object {}".getBytes(UTF_8));
+    MoreFiles.asCharSink(src, UTF_8).write("package java.lang; public class Object {}");
 
     Path output = temporaryFolder.newFile("output.jar").toPath();
 
@@ -214,7 +216,7 @@ public class MainTest {
   @Test
   public void emptyBootClassPath_noJavaLang() throws IOException {
     Path src = temporaryFolder.newFile("Test.java").toPath();
-    Files.write(src, "public class Test {}".getBytes(UTF_8));
+    MoreFiles.asCharSink(src, UTF_8).write("public class Test {}");
 
     Path output = temporaryFolder.newFile("output.jar").toPath();
 
@@ -233,7 +235,7 @@ public class MainTest {
   @Test
   public void usage() throws IOException {
     Path src = temporaryFolder.newFile("Test.java").toPath();
-    Files.write(src, "public class Test {}".getBytes(UTF_8));
+    MoreFiles.asCharSink(src, UTF_8).write("public class Test {}");
 
     try {
       Main.compile(optionsWithBootclasspath().addSources(ImmutableList.of(src.toString())).build());
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/turbine/model/ConstTest.java b/javatests/com/google/turbine/model/ConstTest.java
index 7940124..a64d0bf 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/turbine/model/ConstTest.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/turbine/model/ConstTest.java
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;
 import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableMap;
 import com.google.common.testing.EqualsTester;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.AnnotationValue;
-import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.ClassValue;
+import com.google.turbine.binder.bound.TurbineClassValue;
 import com.google.turbine.binder.sym.ClassSymbol;
 import com.google.turbine.type.Type.ClassTy;
 import com.google.turbine.type.Type.PrimTy;
@@ -72,14 +72,14 @@ public class ConstTest {
             new AnnotationValue(
                 new ClassSymbol("test/Anno"), ImmutableMap.of("value", new Const.IntValue(4))))
         .addEqualityGroup(
-            new ClassValue(ClassTy.asNonParametricClassTy(new ClassSymbol("test/Clazz"))),
-            new ClassValue(ClassTy.asNonParametricClassTy(new ClassSymbol("test/Clazz"))))
+            new TurbineClassValue(ClassTy.asNonParametricClassTy(new ClassSymbol("test/Clazz"))),
+            new TurbineClassValue(ClassTy.asNonParametricClassTy(new ClassSymbol("test/Clazz"))))
         .addEqualityGroup(
-            new ClassValue(ClassTy.asNonParametricClassTy(new ClassSymbol("test/Other"))),
-            new ClassValue(ClassTy.asNonParametricClassTy(new ClassSymbol("test/Other"))))
+            new TurbineClassValue(ClassTy.asNonParametricClassTy(new ClassSymbol("test/Other"))),
+            new TurbineClassValue(ClassTy.asNonParametricClassTy(new ClassSymbol("test/Other"))))
         .addEqualityGroup(
-            new ClassValue(PrimTy.create(TurbineConstantTypeKind.INT, ImmutableList.of())),
-            new ClassValue(PrimTy.create(TurbineConstantTypeKind.INT, ImmutableList.of())))
+            new TurbineClassValue(PrimTy.create(TurbineConstantTypeKind.INT, ImmutableList.of())),
+            new TurbineClassValue(PrimTy.create(TurbineConstantTypeKind.INT, ImmutableList.of())))
         .testEquals();
   }
 }
diff --git a/javatests/com/google/turbine/parse/ParseErrorTest.java b/javatests/com/google/turbine/parse/ParseErrorTest.java
index d1eb9c4..49fb273 100644
--- a/javatests/com/google/turbine/parse/ParseErrorTest.java
+++ b/javatests/com/google/turbine/parse/ParseErrorTest.java
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public class ParseErrorTest {
       parser.expression();
       fail("expected parsing to fail");
     } catch (TurbineError e) {
-      assertThat(e.getMessage()).contains("invalid literal");
+      assertThat(e).hasMessageThat().contains("invalid literal");
     }
   }
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ public class ParseErrorTest {
       parser.expression();
       fail("expected parsing to fail");
     } catch (TurbineError e) {
-      assertThat(e.getMessage()).contains("invalid literal");
+      assertThat(e).hasMessageThat().contains("invalid literal");
     }
   }
 
@@ -65,7 +65,8 @@ public class ParseErrorTest {
       Parser.parse(input);
       fail("expected parsing to fail");
     } catch (TurbineError e) {
-      assertThat(e.getMessage())
+      assertThat(e)
+          .hasMessageThat()
           .isEqualTo(
               lines(
                   "<>:1: error: unexpected token: void",
@@ -81,7 +82,8 @@ public class ParseErrorTest {
       Parser.parse(input);
       fail("expected parsing to fail");
     } catch (TurbineError e) {
-      assertThat(e.getMessage())
+      assertThat(e)
+          .hasMessageThat()
           .isEqualTo(
               lines(
                   "<>:1: error: unexpected identifier 'clas'", //
@@ -97,7 +99,8 @@ public class ParseErrorTest {
       Parser.parse(input);
       fail("expected parsing to fail");
     } catch (TurbineError e) {
-      assertThat(e.getMessage())
+      assertThat(e)
+          .hasMessageThat()
           .isEqualTo(
               lines(
                   "<>:2: error: unexpected end of input", //
@@ -113,7 +116,8 @@ public class ParseErrorTest {
       Parser.parse(input);
       fail("expected parsing to fail");
     } catch (TurbineError e) {
-      assertThat(e.getMessage())
+      assertThat(e)
+          .hasMessageThat()
           .isEqualTo(
               lines(
                   "<>:1: error: invalid annotation argument", //
@@ -129,7 +133,8 @@ public class ParseErrorTest {
       Parser.parse(input);
       fail("expected parsing to fail");
     } catch (TurbineError e) {
-      assertThat(e.getMessage())
+      assertThat(e)
+          .hasMessageThat()
           .isEqualTo(
               lines(
                   "<>:1: error: unexpected end of input", //
@@ -145,7 +150,8 @@ public class ParseErrorTest {
       Parser.parse(input);
       fail("expected parsing to fail");
     } catch (TurbineError e) {
-      assertThat(e.getMessage())
+      assertThat(e)
+          .hasMessageThat()
           .isEqualTo(
               lines(
                   "<>:1: error: unexpected end of input", //
@@ -161,7 +167,8 @@ public class ParseErrorTest {
       Parser.parse(input);
       fail("expected parsing to fail");
     } catch (TurbineError e) {
-      assertThat(e.getMessage())
+      assertThat(e)
+          .hasMessageThat()
           .isEqualTo(
               lines(
                   "<>:1: error: unterminated string literal", //
@@ -177,7 +184,8 @@ public class ParseErrorTest {
       Parser.parse(input);
       fail("expected parsing to fail");
     } catch (TurbineError e) {
-      assertThat(e.getMessage())
+      assertThat(e)
+          .hasMessageThat()
           .isEqualTo(
               lines(
                   "<>:1: error: empty char literal", //
@@ -193,7 +201,8 @@ public class ParseErrorTest {
       Parser.parse(input);
       fail("expected parsing to fail");
     } catch (TurbineError e) {
-      assertThat(e.getMessage())
+      assertThat(e)
+          .hasMessageThat()
           .isEqualTo(
               lines(
                   "<>:1: error: unterminated char literal", //