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+
+/* String (str/bytes) object interface */
+
+#ifndef Py_STRINGOBJECT_H
+#define Py_STRINGOBJECT_H
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+
+/*
+Type PyStringObject represents a character string. An extra zero byte is
+reserved at the end to ensure it is zero-terminated, but a size is
+present so strings with null bytes in them can be represented. This
+is an immutable object type.
+
+There are functions to create new string objects, to test
+an object for string-ness, and to get the
+string value. The latter function returns a null pointer
+if the object is not of the proper type.
+There is a variant that takes an explicit size as well as a
+variant that assumes a zero-terminated string. Note that none of the
+functions should be applied to nil objects.
+*/
+
+/* Caching the hash (ob_shash) saves recalculation of a string's hash value.
+ Interning strings (ob_sstate) tries to ensure that only one string
+ object with a given value exists, so equality tests can be one pointer
+ comparison. This is generally restricted to strings that "look like"
+ Python identifiers, although the intern() builtin can be used to force
+ interning of any string.
+ Together, these sped the interpreter by up to 20%. */
+
+typedef struct {
+ PyObject_VAR_HEAD
+ long ob_shash;
+ int ob_sstate;
+ char ob_sval[1];
+
+ /* Invariants:
+ * ob_sval contains space for 'ob_size+1' elements.
+ * ob_sval[ob_size] == 0.
+ * ob_shash is the hash of the string or -1 if not computed yet.
+ * ob_sstate != 0 iff the string object is in stringobject.c's
+ * 'interned' dictionary; in this case the two references
+ * from 'interned' to this object are *not counted* in ob_refcnt.
+ */
+} PyStringObject;
+
+#define SSTATE_NOT_INTERNED 0
+#define SSTATE_INTERNED_MORTAL 1
+#define SSTATE_INTERNED_IMMORTAL 2
+
+PyAPI_DATA(PyTypeObject) PyBaseString_Type;
+PyAPI_DATA(PyTypeObject) PyString_Type;
+
+#define PyString_Check(op) \
+ PyType_FastSubclass(Py_TYPE(op), Py_TPFLAGS_STRING_SUBCLASS)
+#define PyString_CheckExact(op) (Py_TYPE(op) == &PyString_Type)
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyString_FromStringAndSize(const char *, Py_ssize_t);
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyString_FromString(const char *);
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyString_FromFormatV(const char*, va_list)
+ Py_GCC_ATTRIBUTE((format(printf, 1, 0)));
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyString_FromFormat(const char*, ...)
+ Py_GCC_ATTRIBUTE((format(printf, 1, 2)));
+PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) PyString_Size(PyObject *);
+PyAPI_FUNC(char *) PyString_AsString(PyObject *);
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyString_Repr(PyObject *, int);
+PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyString_Concat(PyObject **, PyObject *);
+PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyString_ConcatAndDel(PyObject **, PyObject *);
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyString_Resize(PyObject **, Py_ssize_t);
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) _PyString_Eq(PyObject *, PyObject*);
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyString_Format(PyObject *, PyObject *);
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyString_FormatLong(PyObject*, int, int,
+ int, char**, int*);
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyString_DecodeEscape(const char *, Py_ssize_t,
+ const char *, Py_ssize_t,
+ const char *);
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyString_InternInPlace(PyObject **);
+PyAPI_FUNC(void) PyString_InternImmortal(PyObject **);
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyString_InternFromString(const char *);
+PyAPI_FUNC(void) _Py_ReleaseInternedStrings(void);
+
+/* Use only if you know it's a string */
+#define PyString_CHECK_INTERNED(op) (((PyStringObject *)(op))->ob_sstate)
+
+/* Macro, trading safety for speed */
+#define PyString_AS_STRING(op) (((PyStringObject *)(op))->ob_sval)
+#define PyString_GET_SIZE(op) Py_SIZE(op)
+
+/* _PyString_Join(sep, x) is like sep.join(x). sep must be PyStringObject*,
+ x must be an iterable object. */
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyString_Join(PyObject *sep, PyObject *x);
+
+/* --- Generic Codecs ----------------------------------------------------- */
+
+/* Create an object by decoding the encoded string s of the
+ given size. */
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyString_Decode(
+ const char *s, /* encoded string */
+ Py_ssize_t size, /* size of buffer */
+ const char *encoding, /* encoding */
+ const char *errors /* error handling */
+ );
+
+/* Encodes a char buffer of the given size and returns a
+ Python object. */
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyString_Encode(
+ const char *s, /* string char buffer */
+ Py_ssize_t size, /* number of chars to encode */
+ const char *encoding, /* encoding */
+ const char *errors /* error handling */
+ );
+
+/* Encodes a string object and returns the result as Python
+ object. */
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyString_AsEncodedObject(
+ PyObject *str, /* string object */
+ const char *encoding, /* encoding */
+ const char *errors /* error handling */
+ );
+
+/* Encodes a string object and returns the result as Python string
+ object.
+
+ If the codec returns an Unicode object, the object is converted
+ back to a string using the default encoding.
+
+ DEPRECATED - use PyString_AsEncodedObject() instead. */
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyString_AsEncodedString(
+ PyObject *str, /* string object */
+ const char *encoding, /* encoding */
+ const char *errors /* error handling */
+ );
+
+/* Decodes a string object and returns the result as Python
+ object. */
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyString_AsDecodedObject(
+ PyObject *str, /* string object */
+ const char *encoding, /* encoding */
+ const char *errors /* error handling */
+ );
+
+/* Decodes a string object and returns the result as Python string
+ object.
+
+ If the codec returns an Unicode object, the object is converted
+ back to a string using the default encoding.
+
+ DEPRECATED - use PyString_AsDecodedObject() instead. */
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject*) PyString_AsDecodedString(
+ PyObject *str, /* string object */
+ const char *encoding, /* encoding */
+ const char *errors /* error handling */
+ );
+
+/* Provides access to the internal data buffer and size of a string
+ object or the default encoded version of an Unicode object. Passing
+ NULL as *len parameter will force the string buffer to be
+ 0-terminated (passing a string with embedded NULL characters will
+ cause an exception). */
+
+PyAPI_FUNC(int) PyString_AsStringAndSize(
+ register PyObject *obj, /* string or Unicode object */
+ register char **s, /* pointer to buffer variable */
+ register Py_ssize_t *len /* pointer to length variable or NULL
+ (only possible for 0-terminated
+ strings) */
+ );
+
+
+/* Using the current locale, insert the thousands grouping
+ into the string pointed to by buffer. For the argument descriptions,
+ see Objects/stringlib/localeutil.h */
+PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) _PyString_InsertThousandsGroupingLocale(char *buffer,
+ Py_ssize_t n_buffer,
+ char *digits,
+ Py_ssize_t n_digits,
+ Py_ssize_t min_width);
+
+/* Using explicit passed-in values, insert the thousands grouping
+ into the string pointed to by buffer. For the argument descriptions,
+ see Objects/stringlib/localeutil.h */
+PyAPI_FUNC(Py_ssize_t) _PyString_InsertThousandsGrouping(char *buffer,
+ Py_ssize_t n_buffer,
+ char *digits,
+ Py_ssize_t n_digits,
+ Py_ssize_t min_width,
+ const char *grouping,
+ const char *thousands_sep);
+
+/* Format the object based on the format_spec, as defined in PEP 3101
+ (Advanced String Formatting). */
+PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) _PyBytes_FormatAdvanced(PyObject *obj,
+ char *format_spec,
+ Py_ssize_t format_spec_len);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+#endif /* !Py_STRINGOBJECT_H */