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+//
+// Copyright 2021 The Abseil Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// Do not include this file directly.
+// Include absl/flags/flag.h instead.
+
+// MSVC debug builds do not implement initialization with constexpr constructors
+// correctly. To work around this we add a level of indirection, so that the
+// class `absl::Flag` contains an `internal::Flag*` (instead of being an alias
+// to that class) and dynamically allocates an instance when necessary. We also
+// forward all calls to internal::Flag methods via trampoline methods. In this
+// setup the `absl::Flag` class does not have constructor and virtual methods,
+// all the data members are public and thus MSVC is able to initialize it at
+// link time. To deal with multiple threads accessing the flag for the first
+// time concurrently we use an atomic boolean indicating if flag object is
+// initialized. We also employ the double-checked locking pattern where the
+// second level of protection is a global Mutex, so if two threads attempt to
+// construct the flag concurrently only one wins.
+//
+// This solution is based on a recommendation here:
+// https://developercommunity.visualstudio.com/content/problem/336946/class-with-constexpr-constructor-not-using-static.html?childToView=648454#comment-648454
+
+namespace flags_internal {
+absl::Mutex* GetGlobalConstructionGuard();
+} // namespace flags_internal
+
+// Public methods of `absl::Flag<T>` are NOT part of the Abseil Flags API.
+// See https://abseil.io/docs/cpp/guides/flags
+template <typename T>
+class Flag {
+ public:
+ // No constructor and destructor to ensure this is an aggregate type.
+ // Visual Studio 2015 still requires the constructor for class to be
+ // constexpr initializable.
+#if _MSC_VER <= 1900
+ constexpr Flag(const char* name, const char* filename,
+ const flags_internal::HelpGenFunc help_gen,
+ const flags_internal::FlagDfltGenFunc default_value_gen)
+ : name_(name),
+ filename_(filename),
+ help_gen_(help_gen),
+ default_value_gen_(default_value_gen),
+ inited_(false),
+ impl_(nullptr) {}
+#endif
+
+ flags_internal::Flag<T>& GetImpl() const {
+ if (!inited_.load(std::memory_order_acquire)) {
+ absl::MutexLock l(flags_internal::GetGlobalConstructionGuard());
+
+ if (inited_.load(std::memory_order_acquire)) {
+ return *impl_;
+ }
+
+ impl_ = new flags_internal::Flag<T>(
+ name_, filename_,
+ {flags_internal::FlagHelpMsg(help_gen_),
+ flags_internal::FlagHelpKind::kGenFunc},
+ {flags_internal::FlagDefaultSrc(default_value_gen_),
+ flags_internal::FlagDefaultKind::kGenFunc});
+ inited_.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
+ }
+
+ return *impl_;
+ }
+
+ // Public methods of `absl::Flag<T>` are NOT part of the Abseil Flags API.
+ // See https://abseil.io/docs/cpp/guides/flags
+ bool IsRetired() const { return GetImpl().IsRetired(); }
+ absl::string_view Name() const { return GetImpl().Name(); }
+ std::string Help() const { return GetImpl().Help(); }
+ bool IsModified() const { return GetImpl().IsModified(); }
+ bool IsSpecifiedOnCommandLine() const {
+ return GetImpl().IsSpecifiedOnCommandLine();
+ }
+ std::string Filename() const { return GetImpl().Filename(); }
+ std::string DefaultValue() const { return GetImpl().DefaultValue(); }
+ std::string CurrentValue() const { return GetImpl().CurrentValue(); }
+ template <typename U>
+ inline bool IsOfType() const {
+ return GetImpl().template IsOfType<U>();
+ }
+ T Get() const {
+ return flags_internal::FlagImplPeer::InvokeGet<T>(GetImpl());
+ }
+ void Set(const T& v) {
+ flags_internal::FlagImplPeer::InvokeSet(GetImpl(), v);
+ }
+ void InvokeCallback() { GetImpl().InvokeCallback(); }
+
+ const CommandLineFlag& Reflect() const {
+ return flags_internal::FlagImplPeer::InvokeReflect(GetImpl());
+ }
+
+ // The data members are logically private, but they need to be public for
+ // this to be an aggregate type.
+ const char* name_;
+ const char* filename_;
+ const flags_internal::HelpGenFunc help_gen_;
+ const flags_internal::FlagDfltGenFunc default_value_gen_;
+
+ mutable std::atomic<bool> inited_;
+ mutable flags_internal::Flag<T>* impl_;
+};