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-# Copyright 2007 Google, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
-# Licensed to PSF under a Contributor Agreement.
-
-"""Abstract Base Classes (ABCs) for numbers, according to PEP 3141.
-
-TODO: Fill out more detailed documentation on the operators."""
-
-from __future__ import division
-from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod, abstractproperty
-
-__all__ = ["Number", "Complex", "Real", "Rational", "Integral"]
-
-class Number(object):
- """All numbers inherit from this class.
-
- If you just want to check if an argument x is a number, without
- caring what kind, use isinstance(x, Number).
- """
- __metaclass__ = ABCMeta
- __slots__ = ()
-
- # Concrete numeric types must provide their own hash implementation
- __hash__ = None
-
-
-## Notes on Decimal
-## ----------------
-## Decimal has all of the methods specified by the Real abc, but it should
-## not be registered as a Real because decimals do not interoperate with
-## binary floats (i.e. Decimal('3.14') + 2.71828 is undefined). But,
-## abstract reals are expected to interoperate (i.e. R1 + R2 should be
-## expected to work if R1 and R2 are both Reals).
-
-class Complex(Number):
- """Complex defines the operations that work on the builtin complex type.
-
- In short, those are: a conversion to complex, .real, .imag, +, -,
- *, /, abs(), .conjugate, ==, and !=.
-
- If it is given heterogenous arguments, and doesn't have special
- knowledge about them, it should fall back to the builtin complex
- type as described below.
- """
-
- __slots__ = ()
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __complex__(self):
- """Return a builtin complex instance. Called for complex(self)."""
-
- # Will be __bool__ in 3.0.
- def __nonzero__(self):
- """True if self != 0. Called for bool(self)."""
- return self != 0
-
- @abstractproperty
- def real(self):
- """Retrieve the real component of this number.
-
- This should subclass Real.
- """
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractproperty
- def imag(self):
- """Retrieve the imaginary component of this number.
-
- This should subclass Real.
- """
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __add__(self, other):
- """self + other"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __radd__(self, other):
- """other + self"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __neg__(self):
- """-self"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __pos__(self):
- """+self"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- def __sub__(self, other):
- """self - other"""
- return self + -other
-
- def __rsub__(self, other):
- """other - self"""
- return -self + other
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __mul__(self, other):
- """self * other"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __rmul__(self, other):
- """other * self"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __div__(self, other):
- """self / other without __future__ division
-
- May promote to float.
- """
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __rdiv__(self, other):
- """other / self without __future__ division"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __truediv__(self, other):
- """self / other with __future__ division.
-
- Should promote to float when necessary.
- """
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __rtruediv__(self, other):
- """other / self with __future__ division"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __pow__(self, exponent):
- """self**exponent; should promote to float or complex when necessary."""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __rpow__(self, base):
- """base ** self"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __abs__(self):
- """Returns the Real distance from 0. Called for abs(self)."""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def conjugate(self):
- """(x+y*i).conjugate() returns (x-y*i)."""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __eq__(self, other):
- """self == other"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- def __ne__(self, other):
- """self != other"""
- # The default __ne__ doesn't negate __eq__ until 3.0.
- return not (self == other)
-
-Complex.register(complex)
-
-
-class Real(Complex):
- """To Complex, Real adds the operations that work on real numbers.
-
- In short, those are: a conversion to float, trunc(), divmod,
- %, <, <=, >, and >=.
-
- Real also provides defaults for the derived operations.
- """
-
- __slots__ = ()
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __float__(self):
- """Any Real can be converted to a native float object.
-
- Called for float(self)."""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __trunc__(self):
- """trunc(self): Truncates self to an Integral.
-
- Returns an Integral i such that:
- * i>0 iff self>0;
- * abs(i) <= abs(self);
- * for any Integral j satisfying the first two conditions,
- abs(i) >= abs(j) [i.e. i has "maximal" abs among those].
- i.e. "truncate towards 0".
- """
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- def __divmod__(self, other):
- """divmod(self, other): The pair (self // other, self % other).
-
- Sometimes this can be computed faster than the pair of
- operations.
- """
- return (self // other, self % other)
-
- def __rdivmod__(self, other):
- """divmod(other, self): The pair (self // other, self % other).
-
- Sometimes this can be computed faster than the pair of
- operations.
- """
- return (other // self, other % self)
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __floordiv__(self, other):
- """self // other: The floor() of self/other."""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __rfloordiv__(self, other):
- """other // self: The floor() of other/self."""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __mod__(self, other):
- """self % other"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __rmod__(self, other):
- """other % self"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __lt__(self, other):
- """self < other
-
- < on Reals defines a total ordering, except perhaps for NaN."""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __le__(self, other):
- """self <= other"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- # Concrete implementations of Complex abstract methods.
- def __complex__(self):
- """complex(self) == complex(float(self), 0)"""
- return complex(float(self))
-
- @property
- def real(self):
- """Real numbers are their real component."""
- return +self
-
- @property
- def imag(self):
- """Real numbers have no imaginary component."""
- return 0
-
- def conjugate(self):
- """Conjugate is a no-op for Reals."""
- return +self
-
-Real.register(float)
-
-
-class Rational(Real):
- """.numerator and .denominator should be in lowest terms."""
-
- __slots__ = ()
-
- @abstractproperty
- def numerator(self):
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractproperty
- def denominator(self):
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- # Concrete implementation of Real's conversion to float.
- def __float__(self):
- """float(self) = self.numerator / self.denominator
-
- It's important that this conversion use the integer's "true"
- division rather than casting one side to float before dividing
- so that ratios of huge integers convert without overflowing.
-
- """
- return self.numerator / self.denominator
-
-
-class Integral(Rational):
- """Integral adds a conversion to long and the bit-string operations."""
-
- __slots__ = ()
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __long__(self):
- """long(self)"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- def __index__(self):
- """Called whenever an index is needed, such as in slicing"""
- return long(self)
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __pow__(self, exponent, modulus=None):
- """self ** exponent % modulus, but maybe faster.
-
- Accept the modulus argument if you want to support the
- 3-argument version of pow(). Raise a TypeError if exponent < 0
- or any argument isn't Integral. Otherwise, just implement the
- 2-argument version described in Complex.
- """
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __lshift__(self, other):
- """self << other"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __rlshift__(self, other):
- """other << self"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __rshift__(self, other):
- """self >> other"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __rrshift__(self, other):
- """other >> self"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __and__(self, other):
- """self & other"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __rand__(self, other):
- """other & self"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __xor__(self, other):
- """self ^ other"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __rxor__(self, other):
- """other ^ self"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __or__(self, other):
- """self | other"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __ror__(self, other):
- """other | self"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- @abstractmethod
- def __invert__(self):
- """~self"""
- raise NotImplementedError
-
- # Concrete implementations of Rational and Real abstract methods.
- def __float__(self):
- """float(self) == float(long(self))"""
- return float(long(self))
-
- @property
- def numerator(self):
- """Integers are their own numerators."""
- return +self
-
- @property
- def denominator(self):
- """Integers have a denominator of 1."""
- return 1
-
-Integral.register(int)
-Integral.register(long)